Table 1.
Comparison of clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, clinical outcomes and scoring systems between subgroups in AP patients.
| Characteristics | MAP | MSAP | SAP | P 1 | P 2 | P 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 200 | 110 | 65 | |||
| Age, year | 51.36 ± 13.95 | 52.06 ± 14.22 | 53.79 ± 15.64 | 0.681 | 0.236 | 0.441 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 118 (59.0) | 68 (61.8) | 44 (67.7) | 0.628a | 0.212a | 0.434a |
| Etiology, n (%) | 0.137a | 0.278a | 0.885a | |||
| Gallstones | 152 (76.0) | 75 (68.2) | 45 (69.2) | |||
| Other | 48 (24.0) | 35 (31.8) | 20 (30.8) | |||
| Smoking habit, n (%) | 56 (28.0) | 36 (32.7) | 25 (38.5) | 0.383a | 0.112a | 0.442a |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.11 ± 4.55 | 24.42 ± 4.68 | 24.87 ± 4.83 | 0.574 | 0.252 | 0.536 |
| WBC, ×109/L | 12.24 ± 4.98 | 12.68 ± 5.15 | 13.05 ± 5.55 | 0.471 | 0.270 | 0.645 |
| Neutrophil, ×109/L | 9.11 ± 3.75 | 11.25 ± 4.34 | 13.47 ± 6.08 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Lymphocyte, ×109/L | 1.06 ± 0.66 | 1.10 ± 0.62 | 0.99 ± 0.74 | 0.612 | 0.460 | 0.290 |
| RBC, ×109/L | 4.72 ± 0.71 | 4.65 ± 0.70 | 4.58 ± 0.63 | 0.396 | 0.159 | 0.520 |
| HGB, g/L | 143.45 ± 27.33 | 141.21 ± 25.15 | 138.50 ± 24.52 | 0.521 | 0.230 | 0.543 |
| PLT, ×109/L | 187.65 ± 66.24 | 182.39 ± 62.71 | 176.74 ± 63.15 | 0.494 | 0.237 | 0.575 |
| CRP, mg/L | 71 (18–126) | 145 (96–237) | 212 (158–356) | <0.001 c | <0.001 c | <0.001 c |
| ALT, U/L | 98 (5–831) | 106 (10–883) | 113 (12–1055) | 0.514c | 0.309c | 0.665c |
| AST, U/L | 125 (15–921) | 133 (21–835) | 129 (20–847) | 0.599c | 0.827c | 0.842c |
| LDH, U/L | 262.29 ± 150.75 | 323.84 ± 162.38 | 455.93 ± 204.65 | 0.002 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 7.98 ± 4.23 | 8.22 ± 4.67 | 9.43 ± 4.88 | 0.652 | 0.024 | 0.085 |
| ALB, g/L | 37.53 ± 6.36 | 35.19 ± 5.77 | 33.26 ± 5.45 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.046 |
| Amylase, U/L | 524 (56–3146) | 685 (89–3313) | 892 (84–3607) | 0.037 c | <0.001 c | 0.042 c |
| BUN, mmol/L | 4.44 ± 1.68 | 4.83 ± 1.74 | 5.99 ± 2.92 | 0.096 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Calcium, mmol/L | 2.17 ± 0.27 | 2.09 ± 0.25 | 2.01 ± 0.30 | 0.013 | 0.002 | 0.059 |
| TC, mmol/L | 3.86 ± 1.90 | 4.05 ± 2.12 | 4.08 ± 2.14 | 0.426 | 0.444 | 0.924 |
| TG, mmol/L | 2.98 ± 1.81 | 3.64 ± 2.78 | 4.26 ± 3.07 | 0.020 | 0.001 | 0.096 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.29 ± 0.26 | 1.25 ± 0.31 | 1.17 ± 0.29 | 0.231 | 0.003 | 0.069 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.95 ± 1.45 | 3.21 ± 1.69 | 3.12 ± 1.43 | 0.151 | 0.434 | 0.706 |
| ApoA1, g/L | 1.10 ± 0.46 | 1.12 ± 0.51 | 0.95 ± 0.43 | 0.720 | 0.026 | 0.021 |
| ApoB, g/L | 0.72 ± 0.48 | 0.88 ± 0.50 | 0.96 ± 0.61 | 0.009 | 0.001 | 0.317 |
| ApoB/A1 ratio | 0.66 ± 0.41 | 0.81 ± 0.43 | 1.02 ± 0.62 | 0.006 | <0.001 | 0.004 |
| APACHE II score (at 24 h) | 4.0 (3.0–6.0) | 9.00 (4.0–10.0) | 13.0 (8.0–19.0) | <0.001 c | <0.001 c | 0.001 c |
| Ranson score (at 48 h) | 2.0 (1.0–2.0) | 4.0 (2.0–6.0) | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | <0.001 c | <0.001 c | 0.056c |
| BISAP score | 1.0 (0.0–1.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 2.5 (2.0–3.0) | 0.847c | <0.001 c | <0.001 c |
| MCTSI score | 2 (1–3) | 5 (2–7) | 6 (4–8) | 0.002 c | <0.001 c | 0.528c |
| Hospital stay, days | 8 (6–13) | 23 (11–33) | 41 (22–64) | <0.001 c | <0.001 c | <0.001 c |
| Intensive care unit, n (%) | 15 (7.5) | 42 (38.2) | 51 (78.5) | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | <0.001 a |
| 28 days mortality, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 10 (15.4) | 0.355b | <0.001 b | <0.001 b |
Continuous variables are described as means ± standard deviations (normal distribution) or median and interquartile range (abnormal distribution). Categorical variables are described as N (%).
Notes: P1, MAP vs. MSAP; P2,MAP vs. SAP; P3, MSAP vs. SAP.
aStatistical results based on χ2 analysis; bStatistical results based on Fisher’s exact test; cStatistical results based on Kruskall-Wallis test; the others were based on one way variance analysis and least-significance difference t test.
MAP, mild acute pancreatitis; MASP, moderately severe acute pancreatitis; SAP, severe acute pancreatitis; BMI, body mass index; WBC,white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT,platelets; CRP, C-reactive protein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ALB, albumin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ApoA1, apolipoprotein A1; ApoB, apolipoprotein B; ApoB/A1 ratio, apolipoprotein B-to-apolipoprotein A1 ratio; APACHE II, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationII; BISAP, besides index for severity in acute pancreatitis; MCTSI, modified computed tomography severity index.