Table 2.
Relationship between Dietary Intake of Fatty Acids and Respiratory Symptoms in U.S. Adults with COPD
| Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) | Linoleic Acid (LA) | Interaction (ALA*LA) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-val | OR (95% CI) | p-val | OR (95% CI) | pint | |
| Chronic Cough | 0.60 (0.36-0.99) | 0.045 | 1.005 (0.97-1.04) | 0.781 | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 0.015 |
| Nocturnal Cough | 0.84 (0.42-1.69) | 0.628 | 1.040 (0.96-1.13) | 0.353 | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.053 |
| Phlegm | 0.83 (0.51-1.35) | 0.437 | 1.000 (0.95-1.05) | 1.000 | 1.01 (0.99-1.03) | 0.096 |
| Wheeze (any) | 0.63 (0.41-0.98) | 0.039 | 1.014 (0.97-1.06) | 0.510 | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.037 |
| Nocturnal Wheeze | 0.78 (0.42-1.44) | 0.420 | 1.003 (0.95-1.06) | 0.921 | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.032 |
| Wheeze with Exertion | 0.81 (0.38-1.69) | 0.563 | 1.003 (0.95-1.06) | 0.916 | 1.02 (0.99-1.04) | 0.106 |
| Meds for Wheeze | 0.46 (0.22-0.94) | 0.034 | 1.089 (1.02-1.16) | 0.008 | 0.99 (0.96-1.03) | 0.729 |
Adjusted for age, gender, race, education, smoking status, FEV1, total calories, BMI, pack per years ALA and LA levels are centered at mean levels for the NHANES population (age 40–79)