Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients from non-Asian and Asian countries.
| Non-Asian (n = 16,922) | Asian (n = 2178) | pa | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean±SD | 67 ± 8 | 66 ± 7 | <0.001 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 10,574 (62.5) | 1376 (63.2) | 0.46 |
| Ethnic origin, n (%) | NA | ||
| White | 16,025 (94.7) | 1 (0.05) | |
| Asian | 68 (0.4) | 2176 (99.9) | |
| Black | 319 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Other | 510 (2.0) | 1 (0.05) | |
| Medical history, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 14,221 (84.0) | 1743 (80.0) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 4502 (26.6) | 797 (36.6) | <0.001 |
| Former smoking | 4361 (25.8) | 350 (16.1) | <0.001 |
| Current smoking | 4431 (26.2) | 643 (29.5) | 0.31 |
| Stroke, TIA | 3603 (21.3) | 444 (20.4) | 0.51 |
| Coronary artery disease | 3871 (22.9) | 248 (11.4) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 733 (4.3) | 6 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation or flutter | 557 (3.3) | 37 (1.7) | 0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 857 (5.1) | 15 (0.7) | <0.001 |
| Educational level, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| 0–4 Years | 2161 (12.8) | 680 (31.2) | |
| 5–8 Years | 5139 (30.4) | 590 (27.1) | |
| 9–13 or High school diploma | 6450 (38.1) | 587 (27.0) | |
| College experience or higher degree | 2890 (17.1) | 294 (13.5) | |
| Examinations | |||
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 27.4 ± 4.3 | 24.6 ± 3.5 | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 138 ± 17 | 141 ± 18 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 80 ± 9 | 81 ± 9 | <0.001 |
| Glucose, mg/dL,b median (IQR) | 103 (94–121) | 103 (93–126) | 0.33 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 181 ± 45 | 169 ± 42 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 109 ± 38 | 102 ± 35 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 49 ± 14 | 45 ± 12 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL,b median (IQR) | 128 (96–174) | 127 (86–173) | 0.11 |
| Atherogenic dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 2233 (13.2) | 350 (16.1) | 0.004 |
| Metabolic syndrome, n (%) | 5086 (33.7) | 700 (34.3) | 0.78 |
| Modified Rankin Scale, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| 0 (no symptoms) | 3992 (23.6) | 245 (11.2) | |
| 1 (no significant disability) | 6406 (37.9) | 910 (41.8) | |
| 2 (slight disability) | 3838 (22.7) | 457 (21.0) | |
| 3 (moderate disability) | 1735 (10.3) | 311 (14.3) | |
| 4 (moderately severe disability) | 944 (5.6) | 254 (11.7) | |
| Ischaemic stroke subtype, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Atherothrombotic | 1485 (9.9) | 328 (15.7) | |
| Likely atherothrombotic | 6408 (42.7) | 693 (33.2) | |
| Lacunar | 1417 (9.4) | 316 (15.2) | |
| Cardioembolic | 151 (1.0) | 18 (0.9) | |
| Coexisting | 2227 (14.8) | 331 (15.9) | |
| Unknown | 3322 (22.1) | 398 (19.1) |
BP: blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; IQR: interquartile range; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; NA: not applicable; SD: standard deviation; TIA: transient ischaemic attack.
aAdjusted for age and sex.
bAnalysed using logarithmic values.