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. 2019 May 17;10:1049. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01049

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Copyright © 2019 Vincent-Höper and Stein.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Standardized coefficients of the second-order confirmatory factor structure (Model 3). DL = Demanding Leadership, DoL = Development-oriented Leadership, SoL = Support-oriented Leadership. QTO = Quantitative Overload, QLO = Qualitative Overload, COV = Complexity/Variability, CON = Control, TRU = Trust, PAR = Participation, REF = Recognition/Feedback, ISI = Instrumental Support/Information, CTR = Clarity/Transparency, COM = Conflict Management, COO = Cooperation, CAS = Career Support, INF = Integrity/Fairness, CAR = Care. Items are displayed as rectangles.