Table 2.
Adolescent Variables: Descriptive Statistics (Overall and by Completion Status) and Results from Univariable and Multivariable Logistic Regression Analyses
| N (%) | No. completers/Total No. in category (%) | Univariable Analysis OR (95% CI) | Multivariable Analysisa OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Non-completers Mean (SD) n = 92 | Completers Mean (SD) n = 69 | |||
| Demographicsb | |||||
| Age of youth at first dose | |||||
| 13–17 years | 29(18) | 12/29 (41) | REF | REF | |
| 11 or 12 years | 132 (82) | 80/132 (61) | 2.18 (0.96, 4.94)+ | 3.41 (1.12, 10.39)* | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 86 (53) | 50/86 (58) | REF | ||
| Female | 75 (47) | 42/75 (56) | 0.92 (0.49, 1.71) | ||
| Racec | |||||
| Other or unknown | 134 (83) | 76/134 (57) | REF | ||
| White | 27(17) | 16/27 (59) | 1.11 (0.48, 2.57) | ||
| Health insurance | |||||
| None | 10 (6) | 5/10 (50) | REF | ||
| Private | 5 (3) | 2/5 (40) | 0.67 (0.08, 5.88) | ||
| Public | 145 (91) | 85/145 (59) | 1.42 (0.39, 5.11) | ||
| Cultural Characteristics | |||||
| Born in USb | |||||
| No | 5 (3) | 2/5 (40) | REF | ||
| Yes | 156 (97) | 90/156 (58) | 2.05 (0.33, 12.59) | ||
| Interview language | |||||
| Spanish | 3 (2) | 1/3 (33) | REF | ||
| English or combination | 158 (98) | 91/158 (58) | 2.72 (0.24, 30.58) | ||
| Acculturationd | |||||
| U.S. acculturation | 4.28 (0.62) | 4.20 (0.68) | 4.34 (0.57) | 1.61 (0.93, 2.79)+ | 1.88 (0.97, 3.63)+ |
| Latina/o acculturation | 2.97 (0.97) | 2.87 (0.97) | 3.04 (0.97) | 1.19 (0.84, 1.69) | 0.99 (0.65, 1.51) |
| Interaction term | -- | -- | -- | 2.18 (1.15, 4.11)* | 1.67 (0.82, 3.39) |
| Past Medical History | |||||
| Received influenza vaccinee | |||||
| No | 51 (32) | 23/51 (45) | REF | REF | |
| Yes | 110 (68) | 69/110 (63) | 2.05 (1.05, 4.02)* | 2.87 (1.17, 7.08)* | |
| Has chronic conditionf | |||||
| No | 87 (54) | 58/87 (67) | REF | REF | |
| Yes | 74 (46) | 34/74 (46) | 0.43 (0.22, 0.81)* | 0.32 (0.15,0.70)* | |
| HPV Knowledge | |||||
| HPV causes cancer in girls? | |||||
| No or Don’t know | 131 (81) | 75/131 (57) | REF | ||
| Yes | 30 (19) | 17/30 (57) | 0.98 (0.44, 2.18) | ||
| HPV causes cancer in boys? | |||||
| No or don’t know | 138 (86) | 81/138 (59) | REF | ||
| Yes | 23(14) | 11/23 (48) | 0.65 (0.27, 1.56) | ||
| How many shots needed? | |||||
| Incorrect or don’t know | 113 (71) | 67/113 (59) | REF | ||
| Correct (3 shots) | 47 (29) | 25/47 (53) | 0.78 (0.39, 1.55) | ||
| Seen ad for HPV vaccine | |||||
| No or don’t know | 140 (87) | 81/140 (58) | REF | ||
| Yes | 21 (13) | 11/21 (52) | 0.80 (0.32, 2.01) | ||
| Health Beliefs | |||||
| HBM Health Beliefsg | |||||
| Benefits | 3.49 (0.67) | 3.45 (0.69) | 3.52 (0.66) | 1.15 (0.72, 1.84) | |
| Time barrier | 2.09 (0.79) | 2.17 (0.77) | 2.03 (0.80) | 0.80 (0.53, 1.20) | |
| Afraid of shots | 2.52 (0.97) | 2.52 (0.97) | 2.62 (1.01) | 1.11 (0.81, 1.52) | |
| Vaccine safety | 3.33 (0.74) | 3.16 (0.81) | 3.45 (0.65) | 1.71 (1.09, 2.68)* | 1.49 (0.85. 2.62) |
| Perceived severity | 2.69 (1.01) | 2.70 (1.01) | 2.69 (1.02) | 0.99 (0.72, 1.35) | |
| Perceived susceptibility | 2.65 (0.88) | 2.76 (0.83) | 2.58 (0.90) | 0.79 (0.54, 1.14) | |
| TPB Health Beliefsg | |||||
| Subjective norms | 12.15 (3.41) | 12.03 (3.53) | 12.22 (3.34) | 1.02 (0.92, 1.12) | |
| Intentions to complete | 3.36 (0.90) | 3.32 (0.98) | 3.39 (0.83) | 1.09 (0.76, 1.54) | |
| Experience Factors | |||||
| Gets nervous before shots | |||||
| No | 65 (41) | 35/65 (54) | REF | ||
| Yes | 95 (59) | 57/95 (60) | 1.29 (0.68, 2.43) | ||
| Degree of nervousness today | |||||
| Not at all | 30 (19) | 17/30 (57) | REF | ||
| A little | 99 (62) | 55/99 (56) | 0.92 (0.42, 2.18) | ||
| A lot | 32 (20) | 20/32 (63) | 1.28 (0.46, 3.52) | ||
| Experienced pain | |||||
| No | 14 (9) | 5/14 (36) | REF | REF | |
| Yes | 147 (91) | 87/147 (59) | 2.61 (0.83, 8.17)+ | 1.45 (0.33, 6.32) | |
| Experienced dizziness | |||||
| No | 145 (90) | 84/145 (58) | REF | ||
| Yes | 16 (10) | 8/16 (50) | 0.73 (0.26, 2.04) | ||
| Number of shots receivedh | 3.23 (0.80) | 3.16 (0.76) | 3.28 (0.83) | 1.21 (0.82, 1.80) | |
| Received adolescent platformi | |||||
| No | 50 (31) | 24/50 (48) | REF | ||
| Yes | 111 (69) | 68/111 (61) | 1.71 (0.87, 3.36) | ||
| Well-child visit at baselinej | |||||
| No | 15 (9) | 12/15 (80) | REF | REF | |
| Yes | 146 (91) | 80/146 (55) | 0.30 (0.08, 1.12)+ | 0.15 (0.03, 0.88)* | |
| Year dose 1 administered | |||||
| 2014 | 35 (22) | 17/35 (49) | REF | ||
| 2015 | 85 (53) | 48/85 (57) | 1.37 (0.62, 3.03) | ||
| 2016 | 41 (26) | 27/41 (66) | 2.04 (0.81, 5.15) | ||
| Provider Communicationk | |||||
| Provider told youth to return | |||||
| No or don’t know | 54 (34) | 23/54 (43) | REF | REF | |
| Yes | 107(67) | 69/107 (65) | 2.45 (1.25, 4.78)* | 2.26 (0.98, 5.24)+ | |
| Provider gave written info | |||||
| No or don’t know | 99 (62) | 49/99 (50) | REF | REF | |
| Yes | 62 (39) | 43/62 (69) | 2.31 (1.18, 4.51)* | 2.83 (1.17, 6.81)* | |
| Provider talked about: | |||||
| HPV infection | |||||
| No or don’t know | 101 (63) | 54/101 (54) | REF | ||
| Yes | 60 (37) | 38/60 (63) | 1.50 (0.78, 2.89) | ||
| Benefits of HPV vaccine | |||||
| No or don’t know | 115 (71) | 64/115 (56) | REF | ||
| Yes | 46 (29) | 28/46 (61) | 1.24 (0.62, 2.49) | ||
| Side effects of HPV vaccine | |||||
| No or don’t know | 121 (75) | 69/121 (57) | REF | ||
| Yes | 40 (25) | 23/40 (58) | 1.02 (0.50, 2.10) | ||
| Cervical cancer | |||||
| No or don’t know | 143 (89) | 84/143 (59) | REF | ||
| Yes | 18 (11) | 8/18 (44) | 0.56 (0.21, 1.51) | ||
| Genital warts | |||||
| No or don’t know | 148 (92) | 87/148 (59) | REF | ||
| Yes | 13 (8) | 5/13 (39) | 0.44 (0.14, 1.40) | ||
| Provider explained what HPV is | |||||
| No or don’t know | 98 (61) | 59/98 (60) | REF | ||
| Yes | 63 (39) | 33/63 (52) | 0.73 (0.38, 1.38) | ||
| Provider explained how HPV is spread | |||||
| No or don’t know | 146 (91) | 86/146 (59) | REF | ||
| Yes | 15 (9) | 6/15 (40) | 0.47 (0.16, 1.38) |
Note. REF = Reference category in logistic regression analysis. OR = odds ratio. CI = confidence interval. HBM = Health Belief Model. TPB = Theory of Planned Behavior.
Variables associated with completion at the univariable level (p ≤ .10) were entered simultaneously into a multivariable analysis.
As reported by the adolescent’s caregiver.
Most caregivers described their daughter/son’s race as “Hispanic” or “Latina/o”; such responses were coded as “unknown.”
Scores could range from 1.0 to 5.0, with higher numbers signifying greater orientation toward the respective culture.
To assess whether the adolescent received the influenza vaccine within the past two years we consulted both the adolescent’s medical record and the state immunization registry (Florida SHOTS).
Obtained from the adolescent’s medical record. To the best of our knowledge, none of the chronic medical conditions were contraindicated for HPV vaccination.
Scores on all health beliefs except subjective norms ranged from 1–4 with higher values indicating greater endorsement. Subjective norms was computed by taking the product of multiple items and thus could range from 1–16.
Total number of vaccines received at the baseline clinic visit; Data obtained from the adolescent’s medical record.
The adolescent platform includes the tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine, meningococcal conjugate vaccine, and first dose of HPV vaccine; Data obtained from the adolescent’s medical record.
Baseline visit was a well-child visit vs. some other type (e.g., immunization visit, follow-up visit).
Self-reported by the adolescent.
p ≤ .05;
p ≤ .10.