Table 4.

Age-dependency of three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived regional left atrial strain parameters at atrial contraction

	All	Aged 19–29 years	Aged 30–39 years	Aged 40–49 years	Aged > 50 years
RSbasal (%)	− 7.9 ± 5.8	− 7.4 ± 5.6	− 7.4 ± 5.5	− 6.9 ± 5.0	− 9.7 ± 6.6
RSmidatrial (%)	− 7.9 ± 5.4	− 7.5 ± 5.1	− 7.5 ± 5.0	− 8.5 ± 6.9	− 8.8 ± 5.4
RSsuperior (%)	− 9.1 ± 8.4	− 8.4 ± 8.6	− 8.9 ± 8.4	− 10.8 ± 9.2	− 9.6 ± 7.6
CSbasal (%)	16.5 ± 9.0††	15.1 ± 7.9†††	18.7 ± 9.9†/††††	17.0 ± 11.0	16.7 ± 8.8
CSmidatrial (%)	13.0 ± 8.4	11.9 ± 7.5	12.8 ± 7.5	13.2 ± 10.3	14.8 ± 9.5
CSsuperior (%)	15.9 ± 14.6††	15.7 ± 13.1†††	15.5 ± 15.3	14.8 ± 20.3	16.9 ± 13.6
LSbasal (%)	7.5 ± 5.2	6.8 ± 5.1	7.9 ± 5.6	7.9 ± 4.6	8.5 ± 5.0‡
LSmidatrial (%)	11.4 ± 7.5‡‡	10.2 ± 7.1‡	11.9 ± 7.9‡‡‡	12.6 ± 6.8‡‡‡‡	12.6 ± 8.0‡‡‡‡‡
LSsuperior (%)	11.0 ± 8.7‡‡	10.7 ± 8.4‡	10.0 ± 9.0	11.5 ± 9.5	12.1 ± 8.5‡‡‡‡‡
3DSbasal (%)	− 5.4 ± 5.4	− 5.0 ± 5.2	− 4.8 ± 5.1	− 4.5 ± 4.6§	− 6.8 ± 6.4
3DSmidatrial (%)	− 5.0 ± 4.7	− 4.7 ± 4.8	− 4.8 ± 4.4	− 4.9 ± 5.5§	− 5.6 ± 4.3
3DSsuperior (%)	− 6.0 ± 7.3	− 5.4 ± 6.8	− 5.9 ± 8.0	− 8.5 ± 7.5	− 6.2 ± 7.4
ASbasal (%)	22.7 ± 13.0	20.3 ± 10.9$$$$$	24.6 ± 14.5	27.1 ± 14.1$	23.9 ± 14.1
ASmidatrial (%)	25.8 ± 15.3$$$	23.3 ± 15.3$$$$$	26.5 ± 13.3	27.0 ± 14.0	29.2 ± 16.9$$
ASsuperior (%)	30.6 ± 29.1$$$/$$$$	30.4 ± 26.8	29.6 ± 31.6	27.8 ± 35.8	32.5 ± 27.8

^†p < 0.05 vs. CS _basal Aged 19–29 years; ^††p < 0.05 vs. CS _midatrial All; ^†††p < 0.05 vs. CS _midatrial Aged 19–29; ^††††p < 0.05 vs. CS _midatrial Aged 30–39

^‡p < 0.05 vs. LS_basal Aged 19–29 years; ^‡‡p < 0.05 vs. LS_basal All; ^‡‡‡p < 0.05 vs. LS_basal Aged 30–39 years; ^‡‡‡‡p < 0.05 vs. LS_basal Aged 40–49 years; ^{‡‡‡‡‡}p < 0.05 vs. LS_basal Aged 50 < years

^§p < 0.05 vs. 3DS_superior Aged 40–49 years

^$p < 0.05 vs. AS_basal Aged 20–29; ^$$p < 0.05 vs. AS_midatrial Aged 20–29; ^$$$p < 0.05 vs. AS_basal All; ^$$$$p < 0.05 vs. AS_midatrial All; ^$$$$$p < 0.05 vs. AS_superior Aged 19–29