Table 1.
Naïve occupancy, model-averaged estimates of overall habitat use and habitat preference of 23 terrestrial mammals detected in oil palm-dominated landscapes in the Llanos region, Colombia. Positive Beta values suggest preference for oil palm and negative values suggest preference for forest.
| Common name | Scientific name | Occupied sites | Naive Occupancy | Overall estimated occupancy | Habitat preference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forest (n = 23) | Oil Palm (n = 33) | Study area | Forest | Oil Palm | Est. Ψ (Sd) study area | Est. Ψ (Sd) forest | Est. Ψ (Sd) oil palm | Beta oil palm (SE) | ||
| Giant anteater | Myrmecophaga tridactyla | 19 | 30 | 0.88 | 0.83 | 0.91 | 0.90 (0.04) | 0.86 (0.07) | 0.94 (0.06) | 2.12 (2.60) |
| Lesser anteater | Tamandua tetradactyla | 20 | 16 | 0.64 | 0.87 | 0.48 | 0.72 (0.16) | 0.90 (0.13) | 0.59 (0.17) | −1.64 (0.97) |
| Nine-banded armadillo | Dasypus novemcinctus | 16 | 3 | 0.34 | 0.70 | 0.09 | 0.57 (0.10) | 0.69 (0.09) | 0.49 (0.25) | −2.32 (1.15) |
| Naked-tailed armadillo | Cabassous unicinctus | 9 | 0 | 0.16 | 0.39 | 0.00 | 0.19 (0.23) | 0.47 (0.13) | 0 | — |
| Crab-eating fox | Cerdocyon thous* | 6 | 26 | 0.57 | 0.26 | 0.79 | 0.60 (0.28) | 0.27 (1.71) | 0.82 (3.41) | 2.57 (0.72) |
| Jaguarundi | Puma yagouaroundi | 5 | 13 | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.39 | 0.91 (0.10) | 0.80 (0.21) | 1 (#) | — |
| Ocelot | Leopardus pardalis* | 16 | 12 | 0.50 | 0.70 | 0.36 | 0.72 (0.01) | 0.72 (0.11) | 0.71 (0.18) | −1.73 (0.85) |
| Puma | Puma concolor | 2 | 1 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.03 | — | — | — | — |
| Greater grison | Galictis vittata | 1 | 2 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.06 | — | — | — | — |
| Tayra | Eira barbara | 2 | 0 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.00 | — | — | — | — |
| Crab-eating raccoon | Procyon cancrivorus* | 4 | 7 | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.21 | 0.42 (0.20) | 0.37 (0.22) | 0.46 (0.23) | 0.36 (0.95) |
| Coati | Nasua nasua | 2 | 0 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.00 | — | — | — | — |
| White-tailed deer | Odocoileus virginianus* | 6 | 12 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.36 | 0.57 (0.17) | 0.45 (0.19) | 0.65 (0.21) | 0.79 (0.95) |
| Red-brocket deer | Mazama spp | 0 | 1 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.03 | — | — | — | — |
| Collared peccary | Pecari tajacu | 1 | 1 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 | — | — | — | — |
| Spiny rat | Proechimis spp | 21 | 2 | 0.41 | 0.91 | 0.06 | 0.40 (0.06) | 0.88 (0.07) | 0.06 (0.04) | −4.21 (1.21) |
| Agouti | Dasyprocta fuliginosa | 18 | 0 | 0.32 | 0.78 | 0.00 | 0.69 (0) | 0.67 (5.78) | 0 | −4.75 (1.13) |
| Lowland paca | Cuniculus paca | 23 | 1 | 0.43 | 1.00 | 0.03 | 0.43 (0.07) | 1 (#) | 0.03 (0.03) | — |
| Capybara | Hydrochaerus hydrochaeris | 8 | 3 | 0.20 | 0.35 | 0.09 | 0.20 (0.05) | 0.36 (0.10) | 0.09 (0.05) | −1.62 (0.77) |
| Coendu | Coendu spp | 1 | 0 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.00 | — | — | — | — |
| Squirrel | Sciurus spp | 9 | 0 | 0.16 | 0.39 | 0.00 | — | — | — | — |
| Common opossum | Didelphis marsupialis | 22 | 12 | 0.61 | 0.96 | 0.36 | 0.49 (0.27) | 0.80 (3.32) | 0.27 (1.69) | −3.62 (1.10) |
| Four-eyed opossum | Philander opossum | 1 | 0 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.00 | — | — | — | — |
*Overall occupancy model did not converge, therefor for study in these species is from null model [Ψ(.), p(.)], and for each habitat from Ψ(cov), p(.). Therefore, parentheses is SE and not SD.
— = Data Deficient. Models using species with less than 4 detections resulted in convergence issues and high uncertainty.
# = SD extremely high.