Table 1.
Food groups generated from individual food items in the food frequency questionnaire (modified after 21)
| Food group | Food items | Range of scores |
| Red meat | Beef; lamb; pork | 2-18 |
| Poultry | Chicken, turkey (with or without skin), poultry meat products | 3-27 |
| Meat products | pork sausages; beef sausages; pork and beef hotdog; hamburger; bacon, ham; salami | 6-54 |
| Fish | White fish; herrings, pilchards, tuna, sardines, salmon, mackerel; shellfish; tinned fish and fish sticks | 5-45 |
| Potatoes | Boiled, baked, mashed | 1-9 |
| Fried potatoes | Fried potatoes | 1-9 |
| Vegetables | Tomatoes, broccoli, collie flower, cabbage, carrots, aubergines, spinach, pepper, onion, vegetables mix | 10-90 |
| Legumes | beans, lentils, peas, chickpeas | 2-18 |
| Fruits | Apples; pears; plums, strawberries, oranges; bananas; other fruits (including fresh fruit juice, fresh and dried fruits) | 12-108 |
| Pasta and rice | All type of rice, pasta, pizza | 4-36 |
| Breakfast cereals | All types | 1-9 |
| White bread | White bread and other bakery products with white flower | 1-9 |
| Wholemeal bread | Brown and wholemeal bread; other bakery products of whole meal | 1-9 |
| Full-fat cheese | Pressed cheese, cheddar, cheese cream, cheese spread | 2-18 |
| Low-fat cheese | Cottage cheese | 1-9 |
| Full-fat milk | Full-fat milk, full-fat yogurt, cream | 3-27 |
| Semi-skimmed milk | Semi-skimmed milk | 1-9 |
| Skimmed milk | Skimmed milk | 1-9 |
| Biscuits | All types of biscuits, muffins, waffles, pancakes, cracknel | 2-18 |
| Chocolate and sweets | Chocolate (except for dark chocolate), sweets (all types, including jam and marmalade), sweet spreads | 7-63 |
| Dark chocolate | Dark chocolate | 1-9 |
| Eggs | Eggs (boiled, poached, fried, scrambled) | 1-9 |
| Soft drinks | Sweetened (sugar or diet) soft drinks, fizzy or not | 3-27 |
| Nuts | Salted or unsalted peanuts | 1-9 |
| Snacks | Pop-corn, pretzel, crackers | 3-27 |
| Sauces | Salad dressings, mayonnaise | 2-18 |
| Wine | Wine, red and white | 2-18 |
| Beer | Beer light and regular | 2-18 |
| Spirits | Spirits, liqueur | 1-9 |
| Fried foods | All types | 1-4 |
| Butter | Butter | 0-1 |
| Margarine | Margarine | 0-1 |
| Olive oil | Olive oil | 0-1 |
| Vegetable oil | Vegetable oil | 0-1 |
| Lard | Lard | 0-1 |
| Fast-food | Fast-food | 1-4 |
| Soy milk | Soy milk | 1-9 |