Table 1.

Novel Emotion Categories

Category	Pronunciation	Origin	Description	Scenario
Gigil	GHEE-ghil	Philippines	The overwhelming urge to squeeze or pinch something that is very cute	Someone sees a small, chubby, lovely baby and wants to squeeze it tightly. They feel gigil.
Glückschmerz	GLOOK-shmairts	Germany	Displeasure derived from another’s pleasure	Someone hears that a bad person had some good fortune, and feels upset about it. They feel glückschmerz.
Greng jai	kreng-JAI	Thailand	The feeling you get when you don’t want someone to do something for you because it would be a pain for them	Someone is offered help from others, but does not want it, because it is too much trouble for the others. The person feels greng jai.
Itoshii	ee-toe-SHEE	Japan	Bittersweet longing for an absent loved one	Someone thinks pleasant things about their loved one who has moved away (to another camp).* They feel itoshii.
Lajja	lah-ZHAH	India	Respectful restraint or playful shame; pleasant adherence to social norms	Someone makes a small mistake that others will notice and feels bad, but also acts playful. They feel lajja.
Liget	LI-gut	Ilongot (Philippines)	Intense focus, passion, and energy associated with actively pursuing a challenge	Someone works very hard toward a goal, and feels a rush of energy and intense focus. They feel liget.

Note: Additional testing verified that these categories were unknown to the three cultural samples. Participants were asked to freely label vocalizations and scenarios developed for each category. Examination of the labels confirmed that participants produced neither consistent nor specific labels. See Supplemental Material (p 7–17) for details.

^*The content in parentheses was included in Study 1 for clarification, but not Studies 2 and 3.