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. 2019 May 22;11:349–359. doi: 10.2147/CEOR.S202642

Table 4.

Summary of costs (per 4-week model cycle)

Treatments Drug costs (USD) HRU costs (USD) AE costs (USD)
IO Agents
 Avelumab 12,894 696 375
 Pembrolizumab 12,953 464 67
 Nivolumab 13,034 348 67
Chemotherapy
 Carboplatin 39 331 433
 Carboplatin+etoposide 152 766 1,334
 Cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+vincristine 1,173 442 886
 Topotecan 207 1,214 3,287

Abbreviations: HRU, health care resource utilization; IO, immuno-oncology; AE, adverse event.