TABLE 1.
Efficacy of allopurinol in monotherapy or combined with benznidazole in a murine model of acute Trypanosoma cruzi infectiona
| Group | Parasitemia clearance (no. of days of treatment) | +FBEb | +PCRc | No. of negative results/no. of animals (%) | No. of surviving animals/total (%)d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NIC | 0/5 | 5/5 (100) | 5/5 (100) | ||
| IC | ND | 0/10 (0) | 0/10 (0) | ||
| ALL (mg/kg) | |||||
| 30 | 0/10 | 10/10 | ND | 0/10 (0) | 1/10 (10) |
| 60 | 0/10 | 10/10 | ND | 0/10 (0) | 0/10 (0) |
| 90 | 0/10 | 10/10 | ND | 0/10 (0) | 1/10 (10) |
| BZ (mg/kg) | |||||
| 25 | 7/10 (8.43 ± 3.78) | 10/10 | ND | 0/10 (0) | 9/10 (90) |
| 50 | 10/10 (4.10 ± 3.69) | 10/10 | ND | 0/10 (0) | 10/10 (100) |
| 75 | 8/8 (1.44 ± 0.73) | 8/10 | 0/2 | 2/10 (20) | 10/10 (100) |
| BZ + ALL (mg/kg) | |||||
| 25 + 30 | 8/10 (13.00 ± 5.12) | 10/10 | ND | 0/10 (0) | 8/10 (80) |
| 25 + 60 | 10/10 (10.30 ± 3.74) | 8/10 | 2/2 | 0/10 (0) | 9/10 (90) |
| 25 + 90 | 10/10 (6.20 ± 4.20) | 8/10 | 2/2 | 0/10 (0) | 10/10 (100) |
| 50 + 30 | 10/10 (2.50 ± 0.71) | 9/10 | 1/1 | 0/10 (0) | 10/10 (100) |
| 50 + 60 | 10/10 (2.00 ± 0.67) | 8/10 | 0/2 | 2/10 (20) | 10/10 (100) |
| 50 + 90 | 9/9 (4.30 ± 3.7) | 9/10 | 1/1 | 0/9 (0) | 9/10 (90) |
| 75 + 30 | 10/10 (1.66 ± 0.71) | 2/10 | 2/8 | 6/10 (60) | 10/10 (100) |
| 75 + 60 | 10/10 (2.10 ± 0.32) | 0/10 | 0/10 | 10/10 (100) | 10/10 (100) |
| 75 + 90 | 10/10 (2.00 ± 0.67) | 0/10 | 0/10 | 10/10 (100) | 10/10 (100) |
a
Female Swiss (18 to 22 g) were inoculated with 5 × 103 trypomastigotes of T. cruzi strain Y. Treatments were started on the 4th day after infection, by gavage, for 20 consecutive days. NIC, noninfected control; IC, infected control; ND, not done.
b
+FBE, positive fresh blood examination during and after treatment (before and after cyclophosphamide immunosuppression).
c
+PCR, positive result for PCR assay at 30 and 180 days after treatment.
d
Mortality until 30 days after treatment.