Table 1.
Biological interpretation of principal components and variance explained by each −21 item, 5 component solution with Varimax rotation.
| PC | Item | Item | Name | Variance explained (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PC1 | 19 | My dog becomes frustrated in a large range of situations | General frustration | 26.98 |
| PC1 | 22 | There are days when my dog seems to become more easily frustrated than others for no apparent reason | ||
| PC1 | 29 | My dog appears to become frustrated frequently (e.g., at least once daily) | ||
| PC1 | 21 | My dog shows increases in certain behaviors (e.g., lip licking, yawning, mounting, full body shake off) if he/she cannot immediately access something they want | ||
| PC1 | 11 | My dog engages in a repetitive behavior (e.g., tail chasing, pacing, circling) when unable to access something he/she wants | ||
| PC2 | 26 | My dog shows continued efforts (e.g., lunging, pulling toward) to approach a dog/person they wish to greet, when being restrained from doing so (e.g., when on lead) | Barrier frustration/perseverance | 6.55 |
| PC2 | 6 | When on lead my dog will persist in lunging/pulling toward something he/she would like to chase (e.g., a cat, rabbit, bird, toy) | ||
| PC2 | 18 | My dog has difficulty in responding to cues/commands (e.g., sit, lie down, stay) if there is something else he/she wants to do or access | ||
| PC2 | 25 | My dog gets upset if shut away from visitors (e.g., vocalizes or scratches/digs at the door) | ||
| PC3 | 2 | My dog does not like being left out of activities with other dogs | Unmet expectations | 5.70 |
| PC3 | 32 | My dog appears agitated and unsettled when he/she wants something another dog has (e.g., a toy or food item) | ||
| PC3 | 30 | My dog becomes very excited/restless (e.g., pacing, whining, barking, jumping up) when waiting to take part in an enjoyable activity | ||
| PC3 | 1 | My dog appears unsettled when there are delays in his/her routine (e.g., if walked or fed later than usual) | ||
| PC4 | 13 | My dog becomes aggressive (i.e., growl, snap, or bite) if I try to remove an item he/she has (e.g., favorite toy or food) | Autonomous control | 5.25 |
| PC4 | 23 | When my dog is not kept busy, he/she can repeatedly lick, chew, or nibble their own body parts (e.g., paws, flanks/sides) | ||
| PC4 | 33 | My dog appears annoyed/upset if given less than he/she was expecting (e.g., wants table scrap and gets a pat on the head; given less food/a lower quality of food than expecting) | ||
| PC4 | 12 | My dog will attempt to escape if I try to confine him/her (e.g., in a room, crate, or kennel) | ||
| PC4 | 4 | My dog is protective of his/her territory (house, garden, car) | ||
| PC5 | 14 | My dog appears to cope well when denied access to things he/she is occasionally allowed (e.g., access to the sofa/bed or provision of table scraps) (R) | Frustration coping | 5.02 |
| PC5 | 16 | I find it easy to interrupt/distract my dog from doing things he/she wants to do (R) | ||
| PC5 | 10 | My dog finds it easy to relax and settle when unable to access something he/she wants (R) |