Table 1.

Theoretical Domains Framework.⁵

Domains	Definition	Theoretical constructs represented within each domain
Knowledge	An awareness of the existence of something.	• Knowledge (including knowledge of condition/scientific rationale) • Procedural knowledge • Knowledge of task environment
Skills	An ability or proficiency acquired through practice.	• Skills • Skills development • Competence • Ability • Interpersonal skills • Practice • Skill assessment
Social/professional role and identity	A coherent set of behaviors and displayed personal qualities of an individual in a social or work setting.	• Professional identity • Professional role • Social identity • Identity • Professional boundaries • Professional confidence • Group identity • Leadership • Organizational commitment
Beliefs about capabilities	Acceptance of the truth, reality, or validity about an ability, talent, or facility that a person can put to constructive use.	• Self-confidence • Perceived competence • Self-efficacy • Perceived behavioral control • Beliefs • Self-esteem • Empowerment • Professional confidence
Optimism	The confidence that things will happen for the best or that desired goals will be attained.	• Optimism • Pessimism • Unrealistic optimism • Identity
Beliefs about consequences	Acceptance of the truth, reality, or validity about outcomes of a behavior in a given situation.	• Outcome expectancies • Characteristics of outcome expectancies • Beliefs • Anticipated regret • Consequents
Reinforcement	Increasing the probability of a response by arranging a dependent relationship or contingency, between the response and a given stimulus.	• Reward (proximal/distal) valued/not valued (probable/improbable) • Incentives • Punishment • Consequents • Reinforcement • Contingencies • Sanctions
Intentions	A conscious decision to perform a behavior or a resolve to act in a certain way.	• Stability of intentions • Stages of change model • Transtheoretical model/stages of change
Goals	Mental representation of outcomes or end states that an individual want to achieve.	• Goals (distal/proximal) • Goal priority • Goal/target setting • Goals (autonomous/controlled) • Action planning • Implementation intention
Memory, attention and decision processes	The ability to retain information, focus selectively on aspects of the environment and choose between 2 or more alternatives.	• Memory • Attention • Attention control • Decision making • Cognitive overload/tiredness
Environmental context and resources	Any circumstance of a person’s situation or environment that discourages or encourages the development of skills and abilities, independence, social competence, and adaptive behavior.	• Environmental stressors • Resources/material resources • Barriers and facilitators • Organizational culture/climate • Person and environment interaction • Salient event/critical incidents
Social influences	Those interpersonal processes that can cause individuals to change their thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.	• Social pressure • Social norms • Group conformity • Social comparison • Group norms • Social support • Intergroup conflict • Power • Group identity • Slienation • Modeling
Emotion	A complex reaction pattern, involving experiential, behavioral, and physiological elements, by which the individual attempts to deal with a personally significant matter or event.	• Anxiety • Fear • Affect • Stress • Depression • Positive/negative affect • Burn-out
Behavioral regulation	Anything aimed at managing or changing objectively observed or measured actions.	• Self-monitoring • Breaking habit • Action planning