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. 2019 May 21;10:542. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00542

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Copyright © 2019 Dawood, Ooko and Efferth.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of parthenolide on ATPase activity of BCRP. BCRP-expressing membranes were used to evaluate the inorganic phosphate release from ATP as indicator of ABCG2 transporter activity. Four different concentration were used (5, 10, 25, and 50 μM), and sulfasalazine was used as positive control (known ATPase activator of BCRP transporter). ATPase activity (nmol/min/mg protein) was measured as compared to DMSO control. Asterisks (^∗∗) indicates the statistical significant induction of ATPase (p < 0.01) in compared to DMSO-treated control cells.