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. 2019 May 21;10:1079. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01079

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Copyright © 2019 Shinde, Melinkeri, Santra, Kale and Limaye.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Exhaustion of naïve T cells of MM could be rescued by blocking the CTLA-4 molecule. (A) Percent of naïve T cells in the MM samples was significantly lower as compared to HD samples. (B) Representative FACS profile of Ki-67 positive cells and (C) Data from three different samples of MM-SC DCs and allo/auto- T cell co-cultures is depicted. Percent Ki-67 positive cells were significantly lower in MM-SC-DCs co-cultured with autologous T cells as compared to co-cultures with allogeneic T cells. (D) Blocking of CTLA-4 molecule in the co-cultures of MM-SC-DCs and autologous T cells enhanced Ki-67 positive population as compared to co-cultures where IgG isotype antibody was added. (E) T cells activation in co-cultures of MM-SC-DCs and autologous naïve T cells was significantly increased after blocking of CTLA-4 receptor. Data given are mean ± S.E.M, p ≤ 0.05 (*) p ≤ 0.001 (***).