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. 2019 May 23;14:3831–3843. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S206313

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© 2019 Yin et al.

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ALP activity and calcium deposition in cells grown on sample disks.Notes: rBMMSCs were cultivated on TNS and TNS-MAP disks for up to 28 days and the levels of (A) ALP activity (7 days and 14 days) and (B) calcium deposition (21 days and 28 days) were evaluated as described in the “Materials and Methods” (***P<0.001; **P<0.01; *P<0.05).

Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; rBMMSCs, rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; TNS, titanium with nanonetwork structures; TNS-MAP, titanium with nanonetwork structures coated with mussel adhesive protein.