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. 2019 May 23;14:3831–3843. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S206313

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© 2019 Yin et al.

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Histological sections with Villanueva staining showing bone tissue morphology around the implant (black).Notes: (A) TNS surface, and (B) TNS-MAP surface; bar =200 μm (***P<0.001; **P<0.01).

Abbreviations: TNS, titanium with nanonetwork structures; TNS-MAP, titanium with nanonetwork structures coated with mussel adhesive protein.