Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics of the participants: adults in neighbourhoods from five urban regions in Europe, February–September 2014. The SPOTLIGHT project (n 4942)
| n | Mean, % or median | sd or IQR | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean and sd | 4893 | 52·3 | 16·4 |
| Sex (%) | 4893 | ||
| Female | 55·5 | ||
| Educational attainment (%) | 4470 | ||
| Higher | 54·1 | ||
| Household composition (%) | 4471 | ||
| 1 adult, no children | 22·4 | ||
| 2 adults, no children | 47·8 | ||
| Adult(s) with child(ren) | 29·8 | ||
| Urban regions (%) | 4942 | ||
| Ghent and suburbs (Belgium) | 34·2 | ||
| Paris and suburbs (France) | 14·3 | ||
| Budapest and suburbs (Hungary) | 14·4 | ||
| The Randstad (the Netherlands) | 26·6 | ||
| Greater London (the UK) | 10·6 | ||
| Duration of residency in this neighbourhood (%) | 4741 | ||
| Less than 10 years | 35·0 | ||
| 10 years or more | 65·0 | ||
| Spare time spent in the neighbourhood (%) | 4801 | ||
| Yes | 71·8 | ||
| Preference for restaurants in the neighbourhood (%) | 3449 | ||
| Yes | 16·2 | ||
| Density of healthier food retailers, median and IQR* | 4942 | 1·42 | 0·68–6·19 |
| Density of less healthy food retailers, median and IQR* | 4942 | 2·31 | 0·60–9·56 |
| mRFEI, median and IQR† | 4942 | 49·49 | 32·50–62·50 |
| Spatial access to healthier food retailers, median and IQR‡ | 4942 | 0·009 | 0·004–0·036 |
| Spatial access to less healthy food retailers, median and IQR‡ | 4942 | 0·008 | 0·001–0·044 |
| Ratio for the spatial access scores, median and IQR§ | 4942 | 46·35 | 28·69–84·61 |
| Score for healthy dietary pattern, mean and sd ║ | 3950 | 0 | 1000 |
| Score for less healthy dietary pattern, mean and sd ║ | 3950 | 0 | 1000 |
IQR, interquartile range; mRFEI, modified Retail Food Environment Index.
Density represents the count of food retailers divided by the neighbourhood area in square kilometres.
mRFEI represents the proportion of healthier food retailers in relation to the total number of food retailers in the neighbourhood.
Spatial access score represents an inverse function of the sum of the calculated distances from individuals’ home address to each healthier and less healthy food outlet in the residential neighbourhood.
Ratio for the spatial access scores represents spatial access scores to healthier food retailers divided by healthier plus less healthy food retailers.
Scores for healthier and less healthy dietary patterns were multiplied by 1000.