Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| n = 10 | |
| Age, yr | 57.9 (48.2-61.7) |
| Female gender, n (%) | 6 (60.0) |
| Type of congenital heart disease, n (%) | |
| Simple | 8 (80.0) |
| Atrial septal defect | 6 (60.0) |
| Atrial and ventricular septal defects | 1 (10.0) |
| Quadricuspid aortic valve with aortic stenosis | 1 (10.0) |
| Moderate | 2 (20.0) |
| Sinus venosus atrial septal defect with PAPVR | 1 (10.0) |
| Aortic coarctation with persistent left superior vena cava | 1 (10.0) |
| Age at repair, yr | 44.3 (12.9-54.7) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 5 (50.0) |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 3 (30.0) |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 1 (10.0) |
| Body mass index > 30 kg/m2, n (%) | 2 (20.0) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 1 (10.0) |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 3 (30.0) |
| Symptoms/signs associated with atrial fibrillation, n (%) | |
| Palpitations | 10 (100.0) |
| Dyspnea | 8 (80.0) |
| Congestive heart failure | 2 (20.0) |
| Prior hospitalization for atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 7 (70.0) |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 60 (55-60) |
| Left atrial volume, mL/m2 | 34.5 (27.3-44.0) |
| Pattern of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | |
| Paroxysmal | 8 (80.0) |
| Persistent | 2 (20.0) |
| Time from diagnosis of atrial fibrillation to procedure, years | 4.6 (0.9-10.3) |
| Number of antiarrhythmic drugs tried | 2 (2-3) |
| Pharmacological therapy, n (%) | |
| Antiarrhythmic drug | 10 (100.0) |
| Beta-blockers | 7 (70.0) |
| Amiodarone | 3 (30.0) |
| Sotalol | 2 (20.0) |
| Flecainide | 2 (20.0) |
| Propafenone | 1 (10.0) |
| Dofetilide | 1 (10.0) |
| Dronedarone | 1 (10.0) |
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker | 4 (40.0) |
| Anticoagulant | 8 (80.0) |
| Diuretic | 2 (20.0) |
Continuous variables are expressed as median and interquartile range (25th-75th percentile). PAPVR: Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return.