Table 3.
Baseline and postintervention outcome measures of caregivers.
| Possible Score Range | Intervention Arm (n =
13) |
Wait-List Control Arm (n =
13) |
Intervention Effect |
Effect Size, Cohen’s d | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline, Mean (SD) | Post-Intervention, Mean (SD) | Baseline, Mean (SD) | Post-Intervention, Mean (SD) | F | P | |||
| Distress Thermometer | 0-10 | 4.7 (2.1) | 4.0 (2.1) | 5.0 (1.9) | 5.1 (2.7) | 0.53 | .47 | −0.259 |
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale | ||||||||
| Depression | 0-21 | 5.1 (3.4) | 4.2 (2.6) | 5.6 (2.9) | 5.7 (3.3) | 1.17 | .29 | −0.421 |
| Anxiety | 0-21 | 8.1 (2.9) | 8.2 (3.3) | 8.7 (3.0) | 8.5 (3.6) | 0.07 | .79 | −0.265 |
| PROMIS Pain scales | ||||||||
| Pain Intensity | 0-10 | 1.5 (1.5) | 1.9 (1.5) | 2.5 (1.9) | 2.3 (1.9) | 0.92 | .35 | 0.402 |
| Pain Interference | 8-40 | 12.9 (5.5) | 14.4 (7.7) | 12.9 (5.3) | 12.4 (3.8) | 0.8 | .39 | 0.489 |
| PROMIS Sleep Disturbance | 8-40 | 20.0 (5.9) | 19.2 (7.6) | 20.5 (5.2) | 20.8 (6.3) | 0.17 | .69 | −0.16 |
| Brief Fatigue Inventory | 0-10 | 3.2 (2.1) | 2.4 (1.8)* | 2.6 (1.9) | 2.6 (1.9) | 1.54 | .23 | −0.458 |
| Caregiver Quality of Life Index–Cancer | 0-140 | 92.8 (10.0) | 93.7 (19.4) | 91.5 (13.9) | 94.6 (14.6) | 0.33 | .59 | 1.139 |
| Posttraumatic Growth Inventory | ||||||||
| Relating to others | 0-35 | 14.3 (6.3) | 14.5 (8.0) | 18.0 (7.4) | 15.0 (7.1) | 1.84 | .19 | 0.527 |
| New possibilities | 0-25 | 5.0 (3.2) | 5.5 (3.8) | 7.5 (5.2) | 4.8 (4.5) | 3.93 | .06 | 0.73 |
| Personal strength | 0-20 | 5.9 (4.9) | 7.0 (4.8) | 8.9 (3.8) | 6.7 (4.9) | 3.9 | .06 | 0.741 |
| Spiritual change | 0-10 | 2.5 (2.7) | 2.7 (2.7) | 3.6 (3.3) | 2.8 (3.0) | 0.52 | .48 | 0.238 |
| Appreciation of life | 0-15 | 6.9 (3.3) | 7.3 (3.8) | 8.5 (3.6) | 7.2 (4.5) | 1.28 | .27 | 0.426 |
| Total | 0-105 | 33.6 (15.8) | 38.3 (20.2) | 45.2 (20.1) | 37.8 (20.5) | 4.29 | .05 | 0.864 |
| Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire | ||||||||
| Observing | 4-20 | 13.6 (1.8) | 13.6 (2.0) | 14.3 (3.0) | 12.6 (4.0)* | 5.53 | .03 | 0.922 |
| Describing | 5-25 | 18.5 (3.1) | 18.6 (2.7) | 17.7 (3.5) | 17.8 (3.7) | 0 | .95 | −0.031 |
| Acting with awareness | 5-25 | 16.0 (3.3) | 16.4 (3.3) | 16.5 (3.5) | 16.1 (4.6) | 0.59 | .45 | 0.302 |
| Nonjudging of inner experience | 5-25 | 18.1 (3.1) | 18.6 (3.5) | 17.1 (4.2) | 19.2 (5.1)* | 1.17 | .29 | −0.47 |
| Nonreactivity | 5-25 | 14.9 (2.7) | 15.2 (1.6) | 15.4 (2.8) | 15.6 (2.6) | 0.02 | .89 | −0.211 |
*
Within group difference P ≤ .05; and bolded values indicate statistically significant differences in change between baseline and post-intervention between intervention and control groups.