Table 1.
Prevalence of social media use by potential explanatory factors and confounders.
| Girls (n = 5496) |
Boys (n = 5408) |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | None | < 1 h | 1 to < 3 h | 3 to < 5 h | ≥ 5 h | Overall | None | < 1 h | 1 to < 3 h | 3 to < 5 h | ≥ 5 h | |
| Overall prevalence | 4.4 | 19.0 | 33.4 | 17.7 | 25.4 | 10.2 | 35.1 | 32.7 | 10.3 | 11.6 | ||
| Online harassment | ||||||||||||
| Not involved | 61.3 | 5.9 | 23.5 | 36.7 | 16.0 | 17.8 | 74.9 | 12.3 | 37.1 | 32.0 | 9.0 | 9.6 |
| Victim | 22.5 | 3.1 | 15.7 | 30.9 | 20.2 | 30.1 | 11.5 | 6.5 | 34.5 | 35.2 | 11.9 | 11.8 |
| Perpetrator | 1.8 | 0.9 | 10.1 | 25.1 | 20.3 | 43.6 | 3.0 | 5.7 | 29.4 | 32.8 | 14.1 | 18.1 |
| Perpetrator-victim | 14.4 | 0.7 | 6.1 | 24.5 | 20.6 | 48.1 | 10.6 | 0.8 | 23.2 | 35.4 | 16.9 | 23.6 |
| Hours of sleep | ||||||||||||
| 10 + h | 16.2 | 10.3 | 30.3 | 33.0 | 13.6 | 12.8 | 20.8 | 14.9 | 41.6 | 29.1 | 7.8 | 6.6 |
| 9 | 38.6 | 4.6 | 20.5 | 37.0 | 17.1 | 20.8 | 40.3 | 10.4 | 38.3 | 31.9 | 9.9 | 9.5 |
| 8 | 31.8 | 2.5 | 15.5 | 32.5 | 20.2 | 29.4 | 28.0 | 7.8 | 30.3 | 35.7 | 11.7 | 14.5 |
| 7 h or less | 13.4 | 1.4 | 9.6 | 25.7 | 18.7 | 44.6 | 10.8 | 7.1 | 22.8 | 35.1 | 12.9 | 22.1 |
| Sleep latency | ||||||||||||
| 0–30 min | 62.6 | 5.1 | 20.4 | 34.5 | 16.6 | 23.4 | 69.3 | 10.1 | 35.9 | 33.2 | 10.2 | 10.5 |
| 31–60 min | 26.8 | 3.5 | 17.5 | 32.8 | 20.2 | 26.0 | 21.4 | 9.8 | 34.1 | 32.4 | 10.9 | 12.8 |
| More than 60 min | 10.7 | 2.9 | 14.5 | 28.9 | 18.1 | 35.7 | 9.2 | 12.6 | 30.9 | 29.5 | 9.8 | 17.2 |
| Sleep disruption | ||||||||||||
| None of the time | 24.6 | 5.7 | 21.1 | 34.0 | 17.4 | 21.8 | 36.1 | 11.7 | 35.3 | 34.0 | 8.4 | 10.6 |
| A little of the time | 35.1 | 4.5 | 20.2 | 35.4 | 17.7 | 22.2 | 36.3 | 9.4 | 37.1 | 33.6 | 10.8 | 9.1 |
| Often | 27.6 | 3.5 | 16.6 | 33.8 | 18.1 | 28.0 | 20.2 | 8.2 | 33.1 | 32.3 | 11.9 | 14.4 |
| Most of the time | 12.7 | 3.7 | 16.9 | 26.2 | 17.4 | 35.8 | 7.4 | 12.6 | 29.4 | 23.6 | 13.0 | 21.4 |
| Self-esteem | ||||||||||||
| Normal/high | 87.2 | 4.5 | 20.0 | 34.5 | 17.8 | 23.1 | 91.1 | 9.9 | 35.1 | 33.5 | 10.4 | 11.1 |
| Low | 12.8 | 3.7 | 12.1 | 25.9 | 16.9 | 41.4 | 8.9 | 13.8 | 35.1 | 24.9 | 9.6 | 16.6 |
| Body weight satisfaction | ||||||||||||
| Satisfied | 21.8 | 7.7 | 24.9 | 34.5 | 15.6 | 17.3 | 31.7 | 13.8 | 38.2 | 31.0 | 7.8 | 9.1 |
| Dissatisfied | 78.2 | 3.5 | 17.4 | 33.1 | 18.3 | 27.7 | 68.3 | 8.6 | 33.6 | 33.5 | 11.5 | 12.8 |
| Happiness with appearance | ||||||||||||
| Happy | 84.6 | 4.7 | 19.8 | 34.7 | 18.2 | 22.5 | 88.2 | 10.4 | 35.3 | 33.1 | 10.1 | 11.0 |
| Unhappy | 15.4 | 2.7 | 14.8 | 26.3 | 14.7 | 41.4 | 11.8 | 9.0 | 33.2 | 29.8 | 11.9 | 16.1 |
| Internalising score (age 11) | ||||||||||||
| Normal | 74.5 | 3.5 | 18.7 | 34.5 | 18.9 | 24.2 | 75.0 | 8.5 | 35.1 | 34.4 | 10.7 | 11.3 |
| Borderline/abnormal | 25.5 | 7.0 | 19.8 | 30.2 | 14.1 | 28.9 | 25.0 | 15.5 | 35.1 | 27.6 | 9.3 | 12.5 |
| Family income (fifths) | ||||||||||||
| Richest | 31.5 | 5.9 | 22.5 | 37.2 | 16.9 | 17.6 | 31.4 | 10.7 | 40.7 | 31.6 | 8.8 | 8.3 |
| Fourth | 24.1 | 2.3 | 18.3 | 37.0 | 18.3 | 24.1 | 25.8 | 10.6 | 32.9 | 35.9 | 10.2 | 10.4 |
| Third | 19.1 | 3.1 | 18.1 | 29.8 | 19.5 | 29.5 | 19.2 | 9.4 | 33.7 | 32.7 | 10.8 | 13.4 |
| Second | 14.5 | 4.6 | 14.3 | 27.4 | 19.1 | 34.7 | 13.2 | 10.1 | 30.7 | 32.2 | 13.5 | 13.5 |
| Poorest | 10.8 | 7.2 | 18.4 | 29.1 | 13.8 | 31.6 | 10.4 | 9.9 | 31.9 | 28.8 | 10.2 | 19.1 |
| Family structure | ||||||||||||
| Two parent | 76.8 | 4.8 | 19.8 | 35.3 | 17.5 | 22.6 | 77.5 | 10.4 | 35.9 | 33.2 | 9.9 | 10.6 |
| One parent | 23.2 | 3.3 | 16.3 | 27.1 | 18.5 | 34.8 | 22.5 | 9.8 | 32.3 | 31.1 | 11.7 | 15.0 |
Notes: Prevalence estimates are weighted with sample weights. Sample sizes are unweighted.