Table 1.
Description of cohort and comparison of patients with allergic; potentially allergic, or non-allergic immediate hypersensitivity reactions to contrast material (CM).
| Total cohort | Allergic | Potentially allergic | Non-allergic | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number (%), otherwise stated | (N = 245) | (N = 51) | (N = 42) | (N = 152) | |
| Male | 119 (48.6%) | 28 (54.9%) | 22 (52.4%) | 69 (45.4%) | 0.43 |
| Age (y), mean ± SD | 48.8 ± 15.7 | 47.4 ± 16.2 | 49.9 ± 16.8 | 49.0 ± 15.3 | 0.73 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 25.1 ± 4.6 | 25.3 ± 4.8 | 25.7 ± 4.9 | 24.9 ± 4.5 | 0.56 |
| History of allergy | 77 (31.4%) | 15 (29.4%) | 11 (26.2%) | 51 (33.6%) | 0.62 |
| History of asthma | 11 (4.5%) | 3 (5.9%) | 2 (4.8%) | 6 (3.9%) | 0.84 |
| Pretreatment | 23 (9.4%) | 3 (5.9%) | 7 (16.7%) | 13 (8.6%) | 0.18 |
| Usual medications | 154 (62.9%) | 28 (54.9%) | 24 (57.1%) | 102 (67.1%) | 0.21 |
| Previous CM administration | 165 (67.3%) | 31 (60.8%) | 28 (66.7%) | 106 (69.7%) | 0.50 |
| Previous reaction | 32 (13.1%) | 1 (2.0%) | 11 (26.2%) | 20 (13.2%) | 0.0026 |
| Delay between injection and reaction (min) mean ± SD | 9.7 ± 10.3 | 5.6 ± 4.7 | 7.3 ± 7.7 | 11.6 ± 11.6 | 0.001 |
| Contrast material | 0.272 | ||||
| Iodinated | 209 (85.3%) | 41 (80.4%) | 34 (81.0%) | 134 (88.2%) | |
| Amidotrizoate | 2 (0.8%) | 1(2.0%) | 0 | 1 (0.7%) | |
| Iobitridol | 62 (25.3%) | 10 (19.6%) | 8 (19.1%) | 44 (29.0%) | |
| Iodixanol | 15 (6.1%) | 3 (5.9%) | 1 (0.4%) | 11 (7.2%) | |
| Iohexol | 16 (6.5%) | 2 (3.9%) | 3 (7.1%) | 11 (7.2%) | |
| Iomeprol | 79 (32.2%) | 14 (27.5%) | 15 (37.7%) | 50 (32.9%) | |
| Iopamidol | 8 (3.3%) | 0 | 4 (9.5%) | 4 (2.6%) | |
| Iopromide | 4 (1.6%) | 1 (2.0%) | 1 (2.4%) | 2 (1.3%) | |
| Ioversol | 5 (2.0%) | 1 (2.0%) | 1 (2.4%) | 3 (2.0%) | |
| Ioxaglate | 16 (6.5%) | 9 (17.7%) | 0 | 7 (4.6%) | |
| Ioxithalamate | 2 (0.8%) | 0 | 1 (2.4%) | 1 (0.7%) | |
| Gadolinium-based | 36 (14.7%) | 10 (19.6%) | 8 (19.0%) | 18 (11.8%) | |
| Gadobenate | 8 (3.3%) | 2 (3.9%) | 1 (2.4%) | 5 (3.3%) | |
| Gadodiamide | 2 (0.8%) | 0 | 0 | 2 (1.3%) | |
| Gadopentetate | 11 (4.5%) | 3 (5.9%) | 4 (9.5%) | 4 (2.6%) | |
| Gadoterate | 10 (4.1%) | 3 (5.9%) | 2 (4.8%) | 5 (3.3%) | |
| Gadoteridol | 5 (2.0%) | 2 (3.9%) | 1 (2.4%) | 2 (1.3%) | |
| Severity grade | < 0.0001 | ||||
| Grade 1 | 137 (55.9%) | 13 (25.5%) | 24 (57.1%) | 100 (65.8%) | |
| Grade 2 | 70 (28.6%) | 16 (31.4%) | 10 (23.8%) | 44 (28.9%) | |
| Grade 3 | 34 (13.9%) | 18 (35.3%) | 8 (19.0%) | 8 (5.3%) | |
| Grade 4 | 4 (1.6%) | 4 (7.8%) | 0 | ||
| Increased tryptase concentrationsa | 66/222 (29.7%) | 31/41 (75.6%) | 17/38 (44.7%) | 18/143 (12.6%) | < 0.0001 |
| Increased histamine concentrationsa | 87/224 (38.8%) | 31/42 (73.8%) | 20/37 (54.1%) | 35/145 (24.1%) | < 0.0001 |
a
Number increased/number tested.