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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Apr 6;199:18–26. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.015

Table 2:

Overview HIV Prevention Interventions by Site

Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4
Intervention target Group men & women under 35 years old who inject drugs who use harm reduction services men & women 18–30 years old who inject stimulants heterosexually active women 25–40 years old who inject drugs & have children male & female “poly” drug users 25–35 years old
# of Sessions 10 8 6 8
Session Length (hours) 4, including breaks 1.5 1.5 2
Number of sessions attended, median (IQR) 8 (7–8) 7 (6–7) 6 (6–6) 6 (5–7)
Overall program was very or somewhat helpful, % of participants at follow-up 95.9 98.6 100 97.7
Aim
  • increase personal motivation to reduce HIV risk

  • increase skills and knowledge related to safely purchasing and using drugs

  • reduce sexual and injection related risks

  • increase HIV- related knowledge

  • increase personal desire to stay healthy

  • increase skills related to safe drug use and sex

  • establish intention to change drug use behaviors

  • increase selfefficacy regarding safer drug use and sexual behaviors

  • improve control over emotional states that may lead to risky behaviors

Approach
  • personal risk assessment

  • identify emotional and situational triggers

  • communication skills

  • skill-building related to accessing and consistently using clean needles

  • peer communication

  • personal risk assessment

  • peer norms about safe injecting

  • goal setting

  • condom negotiation skills

  • HIV and STI information

  • personal risk assessment

  • skill building for safer drug use and sex

  • identify emotional triggers

  • skill-building related to safe drug use and sexual behaviors

  • identify emotional triggers and coping strategies

  • communication skills-building