Table 1.
Percentage distribution of the top 10 causes of death amenable to healthcare in children in 34 OECD countries, years 2001/2005, 2006/2010 and 2011/2015
| Cause of death | 2001/2005 | 2006/2010 | 2011/2015 | |||
| Rank | % | Rank | % | Rank | % | |
| <1 year | (n=190 169.5) | (n=175 008) | (n=105 210.5) | |||
| Conditions originating in the early neonatal period | #1 | 80.02 | #1 | 81.25 | #1 | 80.69 |
| Congenital cardiovascular anomalies | #2 | 14.38 | #2 | 13.15 | #2 | 14.55 |
| Pneumonia | #3 | 1.82 | #3 | 1.53 | #3 | 1.30 |
| Septicaemia | #4 | 1.50 | #4 | 1.39 | #4 | 1.04 |
| Intestinal infections other than typhoid, diphtheria | #7 | 0.27 | #5 | 0.60 | #5 | 0.72 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | #6 | 0.51 | #6 | 0.60 | #6 | 0.38 |
| Nephritis and nephrosis | #5 | 0.54 | #7 | 0.49 | #7 | 0.25 |
| Leukaemia | #8 | 0.21 | #8 | 0.26 | #8 | 0.24 |
| Epilepsy | #9 | 0.17 | #9 | 0.17 | #9 | 0.23 |
| Whooping cough | #11* | 0.11 | #12* | 0.10 | #10 | 0.19 |
| Other causes | – | 0.46 | – | 0.46 | – | 0.39 |
| 1–4 years | (n=14 438) | (n=12 738) | (n=8491.5) | |||
| Congenital cardiovascular anomalies | #1 | 25.67 | #1 | 23.63 | #1 | 25.21 |
| Leukaemia | #3 | 14.55 | #3 | 13.99 | #2 | 14.99 |
| All respiratory diseases, excluding pneumonia/influenza | #2 | 15.60 | #2 | 16.79 | #3 | 14.25 |
| Pneumonia | #4 | 12.35 | #4 | 12.20 | #4 | 12.24 |
| Epilepsy | #7 | 5.16 | #7 | 5.50 | #5 | 7.20 |
| Septicaemia | #5 | 7.57 | #5 | 8.18 | #6 | 6.88 |
| Conditions originating in the early neonatal period | #6 | 5.59 | #6 | 5.60 | #7 | 5.06 |
| Intestinal infections other than typhoid and diphtheria | #9 | 2.45 | #9 | 3.05 | #8 | 3.98 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | #8 | 3.86 | #8 | 4.13 | #9 | 3.38 |
| Influenza | #10 | 2.16 | #10 | 1.92 | #10 | 2.39 |
| Other causes | – | 5.05 | – | 5.00 | – | 4.42 |
| 5–9 years | (n=7705) | (n=6706) | (n=4541) | |||
| Leukaemia | #1 | 31.72 | #1 | 28.35 | #1 | 27.31 |
| All respiratory diseases, excluding pneumonia/influenza | #3 | 12.91 | #2 | 16.28 | #2 | 13.87 |
| Congenital cardiovascular anomalies | #2 | 14.91 | #3 | 13.67 | #3 | 13.12 |
| Epilepsy | #5 | 7.81 | #5 | 7.86 | #4 | 10.37 |
| Pneumonia | #4 | 8.58 | #4 | 7.90 | #5 | 9.12 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | #6 | 6.87 | #6 | 7.13 | #6 | 6.69 |
| Septicaemia | #7 | 5.15 | #7 | 5.67 | #7 | 5.26 |
| Influenza | #9 | 1.66 | #8 | 2.54 | #8 | 2.97 |
| Conditions originating in the early neonatal period | #8 | 2.25 | #9 | 2.48 | #9 | 2.80 |
| Intestinal infections other than typhoid and diphtheria | #13† | 0.87 | #12† | 1.25 | #10 | 2.00 |
| Other causes | – | 7.26 | – | 6.87 | – | 6.47 |
| 10–14 years | (n=9109) | (n=7579) | (n=4921) | |||
| Leukaemia | #1 | 31.30 | #1 | 30.01 | #1 | 30.24 |
| All respiratory diseases, excluding pneumonia/influenza | #3 | 13.66 | #2 | 15.28 | #2 | 13.66 |
| Congenital cardiovascular anomalies | #2 | 14.13 | #3 | 12.17 | #3 | 12.62 |
| Epilepsy | #5 | 7.73 | #5 | 7.89 | #4 | 10.36 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | #4 | 8.12 | #4 | 8.99 | #5 | 9.08 |
| Pneumonia | #6 | 7.59 | #6 | 6.73 | #6 | 7.27 |
| Septicaemia | #7 | 4.17 | #7 | 4.92 | #7 | 4.29 |
| Diabetes mellitus | #8 | 2.49 | #8 | 2.31 | #8 | 1.97 |
| Influenza | #11‡ | 1.15 | #9 | 2.15 | #9 | 1.77 |
| Conditions originating in the early neonatal period | #10 | 1.57 | #11‡ | 1.78 | #10 | 1.52 |
| Other causes | – | 8.09 | – | 7.78 | – | 7.21 |
*Abdominal hernia was ranked #10 in 2001/2005 (0.17%) and 2006/2010 (0.13%).
†Nephritis and nephrosis were ranked #10 in 2001/2005 (1.60%) and 2006/2010 (1.69%).
‡Nephritis and nephrosis were ranked #9 in 2001/2005 (1.79%) and #10 in 2006/2010 (1.91%).
OECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.