Table 2.

Summary of included studies. All comparisons have determined altered metabolic pathways.

Type of specimen	Metabolic pathways altered in BLCA	Metabolites altered	Reference
BLCA Tissue	TCA, Glycolysis, PPP, sorbitol pathway, Lipid metabolism, Nucleotide, amino acid metabolism, Eicosanoid, and arachidonic acid metabolism	Glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Fructose-1,6-biphosphate, Pyruvate, Lactate, Ribulose-5-phosphate, Sedoheptulosephosphate, Fumaricacid, Malic acid, Citrate, Succinate, Xanthine, Hypoxanthine, Adenine, Guanine, Xanthosine, Inosine, Adenosine −5- monophosphate,7-Methlguanine, Urate, Allontoin, Proline, Alanine, Asparagine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Valine, Glucosamine, N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl glucosamine-6-phosphate, Glycerophopspholipids, Phosphosphingolipids.	[10]
BLCA Tissue	Lipid metabolism	Phosphatidyl serine, Phosphatidyl ethanolamine, Phosphocholines, Diacylglycerols.	[81]
BLCA Tissue	Tryptophan metabolism, Methionine pathway, Nicotinamide pathway, Amino acid metabolism, Purine metabolism, Nucleotide metabolism.	Tryptophan, S-Adenosyl homocysteine (SAH), Sarcosine, S- Adenosyl methionine (SAM), UDP-N-Acetyl glucosamine, Asparagine, Valine, Glycine- Leucine (Gly-Leu), N-acetyl lysine, Homoserine, Allo threonine, Proline, Nicotinamide, Glycerophosphocholine, N-acetyl glutamine, Methionine,4-Coumarate, Xanthine,Tyrosine,2-Aminobutyraldehyde,Thymine, Kynurenine.	[70]
BLCA Tissue	Amino acid metabolism, Glucose metabolism, Lipids and ketone bodies metabolism,	Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Glucose, Citrate, Lactate, Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL), Acetoacetate.	[65]
BLCA Tissue	Tryptophan metabolism, Methionine pathway, Amino acid metabolism	Serine, Asparagine, Valine, Tryptophan, Phenyl alanine, Histidine, 3-Hydroxykynurenine, 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), S- adenosyl methionine, Palmitic acid, Lauric acid, Oleic acid.	[50]
BLCA Serum	PPP, Nucleotide metabolism, Fatty acid metabolism,	Gluconic acid, 2-ketogluconic acid, Ribose, Xylitol, Arabitol, Maltose, D-cellobiose, Galactouronic acid, Myo-inositol, Glycolyic acid, Glyoxylic acid, Ethylene glycol, Lactose, D-mannitol, D-saccharic acid, D-Threitol, Erythritol, Ribonic acid, Cis- aconitic acid, Fumaric acid, Malic acid, Creatine, Hypo taurine, Kynurenine, Norleucine, Serine, N-acetyl serine, Hippuric acid, 2-Hg, 3-Indole propionic acid, 2,3,4-Trihydroxy butyric acid, Oleic acid, Hypoxanthine.	[67]
BLCA Serum	PPP, TCA, Glycolysis, Fatty acid metabolism.	S100A8, S100A9 (Proteomics analysis)	[66]
BLCA Urine	Glycolysis, TCA, Amino acid metabolism, Purine metabolism, PPP, Glutathione metabolism	D-Ribose, D-glucuronic acid, D-lyxose, Ribitol, Xylitol, Xylulose, D-cellobiose, D-rhamnose, L-fucose, D-allose, D-Sorbitol, 3-Phospho glyceric acid, Isocitric acid, Cis-aconitic acid, Succinic acid, 2-Hydroxyglutaric acid, 3-Hydroxypropionic acid, 5-hydroxyvaleric acid, Adenine, Inosine, Cholesterol, Lactic acid, 1, 3-Propanediol.	[12]
BLCA Urine	PPP, Lipid metabolism, TCA, Glycolysis, Amino acid metabolism	3-Hydroxy butyrate, Lactate, 2-Hydroxybutyrate, Acetyl carnitine, Palmitoyl spingomyelin, Adipate, Gluconate, Betahydroxypyruvate, Phosphocholine, Isoleucine, Valine, Fructose, Pyridoxate, Succinate, Xanthurate, 2-Methylbutyrylglycine, Tyramine, Guandoacetate, Creatine.	[62]
BLCA Urine	TCA, Glycolysis, Fatty acid metabolism.	Succinate, Pyruvate, Oxoglutarate, Carnitine, Phosphoenolpyruvate, Trimethyllysine, Melatonin, Isovalerylcarnitine, Glutaryl carnitine, Octenoylcarnitne, Decanoyl carnitine, Acetyl coA.	[15]
BLCA Urine	Purine metabolism	Betaine, Leucine, Hypoxanthine, Histidine, Phenylalanine, Uric acid,1-Methyl histidine, N,N-dimethyl lysine, Tyrosine, Sorbitol, Mannitol, 3-Amino-2-napthoic acid, Acetylcarinitine, Tryptophan, Carnosine, Cystine, N-Acetyl tryptophan, Palmitic amide, Heptanoyl carnitine, Decanoyl carnitine, 6-Ketodecanoyl carnitine.	[17]
BLCA Urine	Tryptophan metabolism	Adipic acid, Anthranilic acid, Citrate, Coumaric acid derivative, Cyclopentane 1,2-diamine, Dihydroxy Acetone, Erythritol, Erythropentonic acid, Ethyltartarate, Ethylmalonic acid, Gluconic acid, Glycerol, Heptadecanoic acid, Hydroxybutyric acid, Itaconic acid, Lactic acid, Melibose, N-Acetyl anthranilic acid, P-Cresol, Pinene, Pseudouridine, Ribitol, Ribonic acid, Sebacic acid, Talonic acid, 2-Amino isobutyric acid.	[60]
BLCA Urine	TCA, Phenylalanine metabolism	Citrate, Phenylalanine, Taurine, Dimethylamine, Hippurate	[61]

BLCA: Bladder Cancer; TCA: Tricarboxylic acid; PPP: Pentose Phosphate Pathway