Table 4.
Raw neuropsychological test scores (mean, standard deviation) by age group for different education levels.
| Education Level | B±SE/t/pa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Test | Age group | ≤ High school (HS) |
≤ College | > College | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
| MMSE | N=90 | N=194 | N=118 | .29±.12 /2.39 /.02 | |
| Total score | 90-91 | 27.5 (2.1) | 28.0 (1.6) | 28.3 (1.3) | |
| 92-94 | 27.8 (1.9) | 28.2 (1.7) | 28.3 (1.7) | ||
| ≥95 | 26.9 (2.1) | 27.6 (1.7) | 27.5 (2.2) | ||
| Overall | 27.5 (2.0) | 28.0 (1.7) | 28.1 (1.8) | ||
| 3MS | N=85 | N=185 | N=109 | 1.45±.31 /4.62 /<.01 | |
| Total score | 90-91 | 92.5 (4.3) | 94.7 (4.3) | 96.1 (3.0) | |
| 92-94 | 92.5 (5.2) | 94.6 (3.9) | 95.8 (4.0) | ||
| ≥95 | 91.7 (7.2) | 93.4 (4.2) | 93.3 (4.3) | ||
| Overall | 92.3 (5.4) | 94.3 (4.2) | 95.2 (4.0) | ||
| BNT-Short | N=61 | N=157 | N=86 | .44±.16 /2.80 /<.01 | |
| Total correct | 90-91 | 12.3 (2.7) | 13.6 (1.4) | 13.1 (1.5) | |
| 92-94 | 12.3 (2.0) | 12.8 (2.0) | 13.3 (1.6) | ||
| ≥95 | 11.2 (2.1) | 12.3 (1.8) | 12.2 (2.0) | ||
| Overall | 12.1 (2.3) | 12.9 (1.9) | 13.0 (1.8) | ||
| Animal Fluency | N=90 | N=193 | N=117 | .79±.28 /2.86 /<.01 | |
| Total correct | 90-91 | 13.3 (4.0) | 14.5 (4.1) | 16.6 (4.2) | |
| 92-94 | 14.2 (3.8) | 14.6 (3.7) | 15.3 (4.0) | ||
| ≥95 | 13.8 (3.5) | 13.7 (3.3) | 14.1 (5.3) | ||
| Overall | 13.8 (3.8) | 14.3 (3.7) | 15.4 (4.5) | ||
| Letter F Fluency | N=68 | N=168 | N=99 | .99±.32 /3.10 /<.01 | |
| Total correct | 90-91 | 11.1 (3.1) | 13.4 (4.4) | 13.1 (4.4) | |
| 92-94 | 11.1 (3.8) | 13.1 (4.0) | 13.2 (3.5) | ||
| ≥95 | 11.1 (4.5) | 12.8 (4.5) | 13.6 (4.3) | ||
| Overall | 11.1 (3.8) | 13.1 (4.3) | 13.3 (3.9) | ||
| CERAD Construction | N=90 | N=195 | N=118 | .22±.10 /2.17 /.03 | |
| Total score | 90-91 | 8.8 (1.4) | 9.4 (1.3) | 8.8 (0.8) | |
| 92-94 | 8.9 (1.4) | 9.2 (1.3) | 9.2 (1.2) | ||
| ≥95 | 9.5 (1.1) | 9.6 (1.2) | 9.2 (1.1) | ||
| Overall | 9.1 (1.2) | 9.1 (1.3) | 9-5 (1.1) | ||
Notes: Scores are provided only for tests for which education level significantly contributed to test performance after controlling for age. MMSE – Mini-Mental State Examination, 3MS - Modified Mini-Mental State Exam, BNT-Short – Boston Naming Test – Short Form (15 items)
a
B±SE /t /p – Parameter Estimate±Standard Error /t-value /p-value from linear regression analysis with age as continuous and education as categorical variable (high school or less, some college to completed college, some graduate school to completed graduate school)