Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Transplant. 2019 Mar 19;19(6):1614–1621. doi: 10.1111/ajt.15320

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Biology of mTORC2. mTORC2 consists of several components, including mTOR, Rictor, Protor, Deptor, mSIN1 and mLST8. In contrast, mTORC1 consists of mTOR, Raptor, PRAS40, Deptor and mLST8. mTORC2 has been localized in both cell membrane and intracellular compartments, including mitochondria and endosomal vesicles. PtdIns(3,4,5) P3, plasma membrane tension and growth factors, including insulin, can activate mTORC2. Active mTORC2 phosphorylates multiple protein kinase (PK) PKA, PKC, and PKG family kinases, including Akt, PKCα and SGK1 to support cell growth and survival. Rapamycin inhibits mTORC1 through binding to the immunophilin FKBP12. mTORC2 has been described as insensitive to rapamycin (sirolimus). mTORC2 signaling is also regulated by mTORC1 through a negative feedback loop between mTORC1-S6K1 and insulin/PI3K signaling.