FIG 10.

Proposed model of ArcZ and Lrp regulation of virulence-associated traits in E. amylovora. ArcZ regulates flhDC directly and indirectly through Lrp in an incoherent feed-forward loop (blue box). As the target of the loop, FlhDC regulates motility and levansucrase activity as outputs. ArcZ affects amylovoran production through Lrp, but amylovoran production is not affected by FlhDC. Lrp modulation of amylovoran and indirect effects on motility and levansucrase activity through FlhDC result in Lrp playing a role in general virulence regulation (orange box).