FIG 3.

Inhibition of iNOS abrogates the growth advantage from nitrate respiration after Toxoplasma infection in C57BL/6J mice. (A) PCoA of 16S rRNA gene sequencing results of ileum content using weighted UniFrac distance grouped by mice and treatment. The groups were naive mice (Naive), T. gondii-infected mice treated with PBS (Inf+Mock), and T. gondii-infected mice treated with aminoguanidine (AG) (from day 0 to day 7) (Inf+AG). (B) Relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in the three groups. (C) Quantification of Paneth cells per crypt in naive mice and T. gondii-infected mice mock treated or treated with AG. (D) The CI between the E. coli WT strain and the ΔNR mutant strain was determined at day 7. (E) Nitrate concentrations in the ileal mucous layers. Mice were mock treated or treated with AG at start (day 3) of competition experiments. (F) Parasite burden was quantified from distal ileum. Results are representative of two independent experiments (D to F) involving at least four mice per group. Data shown are represented as means plus SD. Statistical significance: ns, not significant; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.