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. 2019 May 8;12(9):1506. doi: 10.3390/ma12091506

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Representative strip-chart of screw-in forces during instrumentation using WaveOne Gold Primary. Negative and positive values indicate the screw-in and apical driving forces, respectively. Repeating 5 mm downward (black arrow) and 4 mm upward (white arrow) movement, the files approach the working length (16 mm) over time. The incremental penetration depth at each stroke was 1 mm.