| RANK | Receptor activator of NF-κB |
| RANKL | Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand |
| M-CSF | Macrophage-colony stimulating factor |
| TGF-β | Transforming growth factor-β |
| IFN-γ | Interferon-γ |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| OPG | Osteoprotegerin |
| PTH | Parathyroid hormone |
| RA | Rheumatoid arthritis |
| TRAF | Tumor necrosis receptor-associated factor |
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