Figure 5.

Roles of c-Myc in colorectal cancer (CRC) organoids. Overexpression of c-Myc results in expansion of the intestinal stem and the progenitor cells, which in turn increases organoid formation and proliferation. The mechanisms might be regulated by PCNA-associated factor (PAF)/Wnt/βcatenin signaling, Hedgehog signaling, cell migration-inducing and hyaluronan-binding protein (CEMIP)-dependent pathway through ERK1/2 or silencing the PR domain containing (PRDM)1 gene. The upper head arrows indicate increase while the lower ones indicate the consequences.