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. 2019 May 7;24(9):1766. doi: 10.3390/molecules24091766

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effects of HMW-HA on PM2.5-induced JNK and p38 phosphorylation in NR8383 cells. (A,B) Cells were treated with PBS, PM2.5, or PM2.5 and HMW-HA simultaneously for 2 h, and the protein expression of p38, p-p38, JNK, and p-JNK was determined by western blot analysis. (C,D) Quantitative analysis of the blots is normalized to p38 and JNK, respectively. Each bar represents mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. ** p < 0.01, compared with the group treated without PM2.5 or HMW-HA. # p < 0.05 and ## p < 0.01, compared with cells exposed to PM2.5 alone.