| UV | Ultraviolet |
| MITF | Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor |
| PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
| mTOR | Mammalian target of rapamycin |
| mTORC1 | Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 |
| α-MSH | Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| TYR | Tyrosinase |
| TYRP1 | Tyrosinase related protein 1 |
| TYRP2 | Tyrosinase related protein 2 |
| cAMP | Cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| CREB | cAMP response element binding |
| 3-MA | 3-methyladenine |
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