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Bacterial viability of S. mutans biofilms treated with chitosan microparticles. CHX: 0.12% chlorhexidine (positive control); NaCl: saline solution (negative control); EtOH: ethanol/phosphate buffer solution (vehicle control); 0.25% CM: 0.25% chitosan microparticles; 1% CM: 1% chitosan microparticles. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 4). Columns not sharing the same letter (A, B, C) are significantly different from each other. ANOVA, Tukey post-hoc test, p < 0.05.
