Table 2:
de-PMD Trial Medication Exposures
| Pre-Randomization | Randomization Day | Post-Randomization | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| de-PMD* (N=99) |
Usual Care (N=100) |
P- value |
de-PMD (N=99) |
Usual Care (N=100) |
P- value |
de-PMD (N=99) |
Usual Care (N=100) |
P- value |
|
| Haloperidol | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 7 (7.1) | 13 (13.0) | 0.238 | 6.1 (6) | 8.0 (8) | 0.783 | 29 (29.3) | 20 (20.0) | 0.141 |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.176 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.575 | 0 (0–0.2) | 0 (0–0) | 0.117 |
| Benzodiazepines‡ | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 69 (69.7) | 58 (58.0) | 0.105 | 37 (37.4) | 35.0 (35) | 0.769 | 60 (60.6) | 56 (56.0) | 0.566 |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 1.1 (0–10.0) | 0.3 (0–3.7) | 0.044 | 0 (0–4) | 0 (0–2) | 0.550 | 0.1 (0–1.2) | 0.1 (0–1.1) | 0.634 |
| Anticholinergic Burden§ | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 16 (16.2) | 15 (15.0) | 0.847 | 11 (11.1) | 12 (12.0) | 1.000 | 34 (34.3) | 26 (26.0) | 0.219 |
| Median daily score (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.832 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.823 | 0 (0–0.3) | 0 (0–0.1) | 0.266 |
| Olanzapine | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 3 (3.0) | 1 (1.0) | 0.369 | 3 (3.0) | 1 (1.0) | 0.369 | 4 (4.0) | 2 (2.0) | 0.445 |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.306 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.306 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.387 |
| Quetiapine | |||||||||
| Patient† s n (%) | 4 (4.0) | 6 (6.0) | 0.748 | 3 (3.0) | 5 (5.0) | 0.721 | 8 (8.1) | 9 (9.0) | 1.000 |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.509 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.461 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.776 |
| Risperidone | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) | 1.000 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.0) | 1.000 | |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.320 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 1.000 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.989 |
| Dexmedetomidine | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 10 (10.1) | 5 (5.0) | 0.191 | 2 (2.0) | 2 (2.0) | 1.000 | 6 (6.1) | 11 (110) | 0.311 |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.175 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.992 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.218 |
| Opioids ∥ | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 86 (86.9) | 76 (76.0) | 0.068 | 68 (68.7) | 62 (62.0) | 0.372 | 83 (83.8) | 70 (70.0) | 0.028 |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 35.9 (2.5–77.8) | 27.5 (0.6–87.2) | 0.522 | 36.8 (0–107.5) | 24.1 (0–88.4) | 0.460 | 6.3 (0.8–44.1) | 3.5 (0–34.6) | 0.078 |
| Propofol | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 41 (41.4) | 45 (45.0) | 0.668 | 22 (22.2) | 28 (28.0) | 0.414 | 38 (38.4) | 27 (27.0) | 0.098 |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 0 (0–144) | 0 (0–906) | 0.304 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–229) | 0.508 | 0 (0–199) | 0 (0–1) | 0.088 |
| Clonidine | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 2 (2.0) | 3 (3.0) | 1.000 | 1 (1.0) | 3 (3.0) | 0.621 | 6 (6.1) | 7 (7.0) | 1.000 |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.653 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.321 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.780 |
| Propranolol | |||||||||
| Patients† n (%) | 2 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.246 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (3.0) | 3 (3.0) | 1.000 | |
| Median daily Dose (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.154 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 1.000 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.974 |
*
de-PMD: deprescribing in the Pharmacological Management of Delirium
†
Patients who received the drug during hospitalization
‡
Benzodiazepine data presented as Lorazepam equivalents and includes zolpidem
§
Anticholinergic burden measured by Anticholinergic Burden (ACB) scale
∥
Opioids data presented as morphine equivalents
Haloperidol dose is presented in milligrams (mg)