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. 2019 May 9;20(9):2303. doi: 10.3390/ijms20092303

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effect of dietary HON on fasting blood glucose levels (A), blood HbA1c levels (B), IPGTT (C), HOMA-IR (D), plasma insulin levels (E), immunohistochemistry with anti-insulin (F), the activity and mRNA expression of hepatic glucose-regulating enzymes (G,H), and hepatic glycogen content (I) in db/db mice. Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were fed a normal diet with or without HON (0.02%, w/w) or PIO (0.01%, w/w) for 5 weeks (n = 10 per group). (A,C): Data are presented as mean ± SE. CON vs. PIO * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001; PIO vs. HON # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001; CON vs. HON § p < 0.05. (B,D,E,G–I): Data are presented as mean ± SE. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. (F): Immunohistochemistry with antibodies against insulin. Original magnification ×200. CON; control group, PIO; pioglitazone, HON; honokiol, HbA1c; blood glycosylated hemoglobin, IPGTT; intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, HOMA-IR; homeostatic index of insulin resistance, PEPCK; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, G6Pase; glucose-6-phosphatase.