Table 4.

Application of different discrete transform methods in the proposed method.

Method	Accuracy (%)	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Youden’s Index
CNN + DCT + LSTM	98.2 ± 1.1	98.2 ± 1.3	98.2 ± 1.3	0.96 ± 0.02
CNN + FWHT + LSTM	97.3 ± 0.6	97.2 ± 0.9	97.5 ± 1.0	0.94 ± 0.01
CNN + DWT + LSTM	99.1 ± 0.9	99.3 ± 1.0	98.9 ± 1.0	0.98 ± 0.01