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. 2019 May 28;19:654. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7005-9

Table 3.

Percentage of victims or participants indicating specific themes related to cyberbullying

Themes N of participants or victims % of participants or victims
The sites of cyberbullying
 SNSs 38 79.2
 Instant messaging applications 10 20.8
 Multiplayer online games 4 8.3
The features of cyberbullying
 Anonymity 32 66.7
 Publicity 25 52.1
 Permanency 12 25.0
The types of cyberbullying
 Name-calling (gossiping) 38 79.2
 Posting photos 12 25.0
 Exclusion (isolation) 4 8.3
 Overlap with traditional bullying 4 (victims) 33.3a
Motivation for cyberbullying
 For fun 23 47.9
 For punishment 15 31.3
 For revenge 5 10.4
 For discrimination 3 6.3
 From jealousy 2 4.2
Ambiguity and context dependency
 Difficulties in distinguishing between cyberbullying and having fun 26 54.2
Coping strategies of victims
 Ignoring/no action 6 (victims) 50.0a
 Talking with friends 3 (victims) 25.0a
 Expecting teachers to intervene 2 (victims) 16.7a
 Confrontation 2 (victims) 16.7a
 Leaving the group 1 (victim) 8.3a

Some respondents (either victims or participants) responded more than once and therefore appear twice

aPercentage of the victims