Photophysical properties and pKas of NR family members. All experiments were conducted in PBS buffer (10 mM, pH = 7.4 containing 1% DMSO). (a) Normalized absorption spectra. (b) Normalized emission spectra. (c) Summary of optical parameters including previously reported values for Tokyo Magenta5 and Tokyo Green.32 (d) Photostability in comparison to Cy 5.5. (e) Images corresponding to each dye solution. From top to bottom: white-light image, fluorescent image under a UV lamp (254 nm), and a NIR image with a 680 nm filter. From left to right: NR675, NR669, NR638, NR632, NR604, and NR600 in PBS buffer as well as NR604 and NR600 in buffer at pH = 4.0.