Table 1.
Participant demographics for the breast and each formula-fed groups. Maternal and paternal education was scaled according to the Hollingshead scales of socioeconomic status, with 5 corresponding to at least 1 year of college education; 6 being a college or university graduate; and 7 holding a graduate or professional degree.
| Breastfed | All Formula | Formula #1 | Formula #2 | Formula #3 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male (n) | 39 | 54 | 12 | 18 | 24 |
| Female (n) | 23 | 34 | 9 | 10 | 15 | |
| Age Range (days) | 86–3384 | 88–3409 | 103–3409 | 98–3308 | 88–3384 | |
| Mean Gestation (days) | 278 ± 17 | 281 ± 19 | 278 ± 6 | 275 ± 11 | 285 ± 12 | |
| Mean Birth Weight (g) | 3376 ± 675 | 3313 ± 540 | 3164 ± 589 | 3179±555 | 3446 ± 508 | |
| Mean Birth Height (inches) | 20 ± 3.6 | 21 ± 3.5 | 20 ± 0.5 | 20 ± 1.8 | 21 ± 4.9 | |
| Mean Maternal Education | 6 ± 1.3 | 5.6 ± 1.5 | 5.8 ± 1.2 | 5.4 ± 1.1 | 5.6 ± 1.8 | |
| Mean Paternal Education | 5.9 ± 1 | 5.5 ± 1.6 | 5.8 ± 1.3 | 5.1 ± 1.1 | 5.5 ± 1.6 | |
| Mean Family Size (# Children) | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 2 ± 2 | 2.1 ± 1.5 | 2.2±1 | |
| # Scans/Child | 3.4 ± 1.2 | 2.5 ± 1.3 | 2.2 ± 1.4 | 3 ± 1.2 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | |
| Mean Inter-Scan Period (days) | 423 ± 234 | 380 ± 250 | 439 ± 250 | 407 ± 299 | 330 ± 190 | |
| Marital Status | Married/Living Together (n) | 46 | 68 | 10 | 21 | 29 |
| Divorced/Single (n) | 16 | 20 | 3 | 7 | 9 | |