Table 1.

The phenotypes, cytokines, and chemokine secretions of M1 macrophage and M2 macrophage.

Subtypes	Expression marker	Cytokines	Chemokine secretion
M1	CD80, CD86, MHC-II, CCR7, IL-1R1, TLR2, TLR4	IL-12, IL-1, IL-6, IL-23, TNF	CXCL8, CXCL9, CXL10, CXCL11, CXCL16, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5
M2a	CXCR1, CXCR2, MHC-II, FcR, IL-4R, CD23, CD163, MR (CD206), SR, Ym1/2, Fizz1, Arg-1	IL-10, TGF-β, IL-1R	CCL17, CCL18, CCL22, CCL24
M2b	CD80, CD86, MHC-II	IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, TNF	CCL1
M2c	CD14, CD150, MR (CD26), SR, CCR2	IL-10, TGF-β	CCL16, CCL18, CXCL13
M2d(TAM)	VEGF, CD163	IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α, TGF-β	CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL16, CCL18