Table 5 Selection of checkpoint inhibitors with which clinical studies in HPV OSCC will be conducted now or in the future.

Medication	Status	Study title	Inclusion criteria
Pembrolizumab	Not yet recruiting	Pembrolizumab combined with chemoradiotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck	Head and neck cancer, stratified for HPV
	Recruiting	E7 TCR T cells with or without PD-1 blockade for human papillomavirus-associated cancers	HPV-induced carcinomas, including OSCC
Nivolumab	Active, not recruiting	Nivolumab and HPV 16 vaccination in patients with HPV 16 positive incurable solid tumors	HPV-induced carcinomas, including OSCC
	Recruiting	HPV 16/18 E6/E7-specific T lymphocytes, relapsed HPV-associated cancers, HESTIA	HPV-induced carcinomas, including OSCC
	Recruiting	Oropharyngeal tumor induction chemotherapy and response-stratified locoregional therapy trial in order to minimized long-term adverse events	HPV OSCC
	Recruiting	An investigational immuno-therapy study to investigate the safety and effectiveness of Nivolumab, and Nivolumab combination therapy in virus-associated tumors	HPV-induced carcinomas, including OSCC
Durvalumab	Not yet recruiting	Safety and efficacy of MEDIO457 and Durvalumab in patients with HPV associated recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer	HPV OSCC, recurrences
	Recruiting	Phase 1-2 study of ADXS11-001 or MEDI4736 alone or combo in cervical or HPV+ head & neck cancer	HPV OSCC, cervix cancer
	Recruiting	Durvalumab before surgery in treating patients with oral cavity or oropharynx cancer	OSCC and oral cavity
Avelumab	Not yet recruiting	Phase Ib/II or TG4001 and Avelumab in HPV16 positive R/M cancers and expansion cohort to oropharyngeal SCCHN	HPV-induced carcinomas, including OSCC
Ipilimumab	Recruiting	An investigational immuno-therapy study to investigate the safety and effectiveness of Nivolumab, and Nibolumab combination therapy in virus-associated tumors	HPV-induced carcinomas, including OSCC