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. 2019 May 29;14(5):e0215847. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215847

Table 2. Descriptive statistics of WTP meta-data.

Variable Definition Mean Standard deviation Expected sign
Dependent variable
WTP WTP for the local attribute in $/lb 1.204 1.325 +
WTP % WTP for local attribute calculated as % of average product price used by the study 0.292 0.237
Precision
Number of participants (n) Number of participants in the study 621.640 539.285 -
Study design characteristics
Year of study The experiment was conducted after 2011 = 1, 0 otherwise. (If year when the experiment was conducted is not reported it was assumed to be the year of publication [111]) 0.372 -
Country of study—US Experiment was conducted in the U.S. = 1, 0 otherwise 0.605 +
Other countries Experiment was conducted outside of the U.S. = 1, 0 otherwise 0.395 Base
Animal products Products used for the study: fish, meat, eggs, or milk = 1, 0 otherwise 0.430 +
Produce Products used for the study: fruits, vegetables or nuts = 1, 0 otherwise 0.267 Base
Processed products Products used for the study: food items that underwent processing = 1, 0 otherwise 0.302 +
Local def.–state grown “Local” was defined as grown or produced within the state = 1, 0 otherwise 0.244 -
Local def.–marketing program “Local” was defined using a state/region logo/label = 1, 0 otherwise 0.255 Base
Local def.–specific region “Local” was defined as grown or produced in a specific province, or region = 1, 0 otherwise 0.360 +
Local def.–general “Local” was defined as locally grown or produced = 1, 0 otherwise 0.140 -
Method—choice experiment Experiment was carried out using choice experiment method = 1, 0 otherwise 0.860 +
Method—other Experiment was carried out using other methods, such as auctions and contingent valuation methods = 1, 0 otherwise 0.140 Base
Hypothetical experiment Experimental study was hypothetical = 1, 0 otherwise 0.802 +
Non-hypothetical experiment Experimental study was non-hypothetical = 1, 0 otherwise 0.198 Base
Participants`origin—shoppers Participants recruited at the shopping locations = 1, 0 otherwise 0.477 +
Participants`origin—other Participants recruited at random or through marketing companies = 1, 0 otherwise 0.523 Base
Number of attributes Number of attributes used to describe the product 4.128 1.445 -
Age Average age of the study participants 46.826 4.340 +
Gender Percent of female participants in the study 59.682 10.121 -
Income Average income of the study participants in $ 50,336.880 18,311.060 +