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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Educ Psychol. 2018 Nov 26;111(4):590–603. doi: 10.1037/edu0000297

Table 1.

Individual-Level Descriptive Statistics

Treatment (N=484)
Follow-Through (N=495)
Control (N=396)
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD F-test (p-value)
Average Proportion of Assessment Questions Answered Correctly
 Beginning of preK (pretest) .0884 .0654 .0896 .0768 .0947 .0665 0.3570
 End of preK (posttest) .2449 .1066 .2479 .1053 .2107 .1056 0.0000
 End of K (follow-up) .4108 .1255 .4152 .1311 .3967 .1266 0.1114

Demographic Variables
Limited English Proficiency 0.12 0.33 0.14 0.34 0.22 0.41 0.5128
Free/Reduced Lunch (School Level) 0.82 0.38 0.82 0.38 0.88 0.32 0.3731
Special Education 0.17 0.38 0.17 0.38 0.16 0.37 0.8743
Age in Pre-K (Fall) 4.33 0.35 4.31 0.35 4.39 0.35 0.3820
Ethnicity
 Black 0.52 0.59 0.48 0.7671
 Hispanic 0.20 0.19 0.27 0.7618
 White 0.25 0.14 0.17 0.6213
 Other 0.04 0.08 0.08 0.3069
Male 0.50 0.48 0.50 0.6607
Mother’s Education
 No High School 0.13 0.12 0.14 0.8445
 High School 0.29 0.3 0.29 0.9945
 Some College 0.36 0.34 0.31 0.5782
 College/Higher 0.14 0.18 0.19 0.5842

Note. We had to drop some observations due to some students missing information on their math assessment scores, but this represented only a small proportion of our sample.