Table 1.

Person with dementia and caregiver characteristics

PWD characteristics	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3
Gender	Male	Female	Male
Age	61	75	81
Cultural background	Latino	Caucasian	Chinese
Preferred language	Spanish	English	Cantonese
Diagnosis	Dementia (unspecified)	Alzheimer’s disease/Vascular dementia	Alzheimer’s disease
Stage of dementia*	Moderate	Mild	Advanced
Insurance	Medicare and MediCal	Medicare	MediCal
Income (range)	$15,000–24,999	$100,000–149,999	Less than $10,000
Caregiver Characteristics
Gender	Male	Male	Female
Age	33	75	51
Cultural background	Latino	Caucasian	Chinese
Preferred Language	English	English	English
Relationship to PWD	Son	Husband	Daughter

Dementia stage was assessed using the Quick Dementia Rating System (QDRS), a 10-item questionnaire completed by the caregiver. Scores range from 0–30: higher scores represent greater impairment in cognition, function, communication, and behavior (Galvin, 2015).