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. 2019 May 29;10(6):422. doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-1667-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a Quiescent scratched HA-VSMCs were treated or untreated with T1-EXO (25 μg/mL) in FBS-free medium for 36 h. VSMCs infected with mir-222-up lentivirus served as a positive control. Phase-contrast microscopy images showing the migratory capacity of VSMCs under different treatment. b Diagram showed quantification of cell migration rate over time. *P < 0.05, versus control group; ^†P < 0.05, versus T1-EXO group; ^‡P < 0.05, versus 0 h group; ^§P < 0.05, versus 12 h; ^‖P < 0.05, versus 24 h group. n = 3, each group. c A transwell assay was performed to assess HA-VSMCs migration. d Diagram showed quantification of migrated cells through transwell chamber. *P < 0.05, versus control group; ^‡P < 0.05, versus 0 h group; ^§P < 0.05, versus 12 h; ^‖P < 0.05, versus 24 h group. n = 3, each group. e, f T1-EXO and miR-222 improved the expression of proteins involved in smooth muscle cell migration: MMP2 and MMP9. β-actin expressions served as internal control. The control group was set to 1. *P < 0.05, versus control group. n = 3, each group. All data were expressed as mean ± SEM from three individual experiments