Table 1.
Explanatory variables used to analyze farmers’ perceptions about Canarian Egyptian vultures in Fuerteventura. Four sets of models were performed using two response variables: Presence and TimeSlots, calculated according to two radii 180 and 393 m. All variables where initially included in model performing except Hour used just in TimeSlots models
| Variables | Description |
|---|---|
| Vulture visits | |
| Num daysa | Number of days with at least one position of vultures associated with the farm |
| Max indvs simulta | Maximum number of vultures detected at the same time in the farm |
| Max indvs daya | Maximum number of different vultures detected per day in the farm |
| Max indvs montha | Maximum number of different vultures detected per month in the farm |
| Farmer | |
| Gender | Gender of the surveyed farmer |
| Age | Age of the surveyed farmer (years) |
| Experience | Number of years working as a farmer |
| Time | |
| Hour | Division of the day in morning (sunrise–12:00), midday (12:00–16:00) and afternoon (16:00–sunset). Times were selected according to popular Spanish delimitation of midday |
| Farm | |
| Goat, Sheepb | Number of goats and sheep per farm |
| Dist Main AFSc | Distance to the main artificial feeding station (center of the island, km) |
| Index AFSc | Index of connectivity to artificial feeding stations (AFSs) and garbage dump |
| Index Roostc | Index of connectivity to roosting places |
| Index Terrc | Index of connectivity to vultures’ territories |
| Dist AFS | Distance to the nearest artificial feeding stations (AFSs) or garbage dump (km) |
| Dist Roost | Distance to the nearest roosting place (km) |
| Dist Terr | Distance to the nearest vultures’ territory (km) |
aCalculated from GPS tracking of the whole day for the probability of the presence (Presence) and of each period of the day for the probability of the presence disaggregated by time slot (TimeSlots)
bTotal number of livestock, on the basis of livestock censuses (see Methods)
cIndex of connectivity calculated following the formula of Hanski (1998): Si = Σj≠i exp(− αdij)Nj. For distance dij, we used the Euclidean distance in kilometers. Nj was only included for Dist Roost (mean number of vultures on each roosting place obtained from field data)