Table 3.
Reported 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Effectiveness for Invasive Pneumococcal Disease
| Study, Location | Age | Cases Vacccinated: Unvaccinateda |
Controls Vaccinated: Unvaccinateda | No. of Doses | Serotype 3 VE, % (95% CI)b |
Reported Range of VE, % (Lowest and Highest) for Other PCV13 Serotypesc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Published studies | ||||||
| Study 1,
United States [6] |
2–59 m (median, 21–22 m) |
16 discordant pairsd | At least 1 dose | 79.5 (30.3–94.8)e | 19A: 85.6 (70.6–93.5) 7F: 96.5 (82.7–100) |
|
| Study 2,
Spain [13] |
7–59 m | 22:15 | 91:48 | At least 1 dose | 25.9 (–65.3 to 66.8) | 19A: 86.0 (51.2–99.7) 14: 96.9 (70.4–99.7) |
| 9:15 | 22:49 | At least 2 doses before 12 m or 2 doses on or after 12 m or 1 dose on or after 24 m | 63.3 (–56.2 to 91.4) | The only other serotype with data reported for this schedule was 19A: 85.6 (6.7–99.8) | ||
| 12:15 | 54:49 | At least 2 doses before 12 m and 1 dose after 12 m | 12.8 (–127.9 to 66.6) | 19A: 84.1 (–97.1 to 98.7) 14: 94.2 (41.8–99.4) |
||
| Study 3,
Germany [14] |
74–729 d | 6:5 | 194:43 | At least 1 dose | 74 (2–93) | 19A: 77 (47–90) 6A: 96 (56–100) |
| 150 to <449 d | 1:2 | 74:20 | Postprimary | 80 (–68 to 98) | 1: 49 (–614 to 96) 7F: 86 (–116 to 100) |
|
| 330–729 d | 1:2 | 33:16 | Postbooster | 63 (–393 to 97) | 7F: 32 (–8066 to 99) 19A: 88 (25–99) |
|
| Study 4,
United Kingdom [15] |
4 to ≤56 m | 28:21f | 280:76 | At least 2 doses before 12 m or 1 dose on or after 12 m | 26 (–69 to 68) | 19A: 67 (33–84) 6A: 98 (64–99.8) |
| 4 to <13 m | 3:2 | 118:20 | 2 doses before 12 m | 66 (–322 to 92) | 19A: 62 (–55 to 90) 6A: 96 (41–99.8) |
|
| Conference posters | ||||||
| Study 5,
European Union [24] |
<5 y | 79:50 | 908:833 | At least 1 dose | 70 (44–83)f | 1: 86 (68–93)g 14: 96 (90–100)g |
| 57:34 | 423:390 | Fully vaccinated | 57 (5–81)f | 1: 84 (57–94)g 14: 98 (88–100)g |
||
| Study 6,
Quebec [25] |
<5 y | 9:27 | 858:1712 | At least 1 dose | 20 (–265 to 82) | Not reported |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; PCV13, 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; VE, vaccine effectiveness.
aNo. of cases and controls for serotype 3 VE estimates.
bIf provided, adjusted VE is reported.
cReported range for PCV13 (non–7-valent PCV) serotypes.
dThe matched odds ratio was calculated using discordant pairs: the number of unvaccinated cases matched to vaccinated controls divided by the number of vaccinated cases matched to unvaccinated controls [26].
eAdjusted VE was not reported. However the authors noted the results did not change when adjusted for potential confounders (race, ethnic origin, sex, chronic medical conditions including immunocompromising disorders, low birthweight, exposure to household smoking, daycare attendance, household crowding), recent influenza vaccination (previous 6 months) or influenza disease (previous 30 days), and recent antibiotic use (previous 30 days).
fConfidence interval estimated from graph.
gReference 15 reports the number of cases vaccinated vs unvaccinated as 21:28. The correct ratio is 28:21 (Prof Nick Andrews, personal communication).