Table 3.
Factors associated with hypertension in Dire Dawa City Administration, 2017.
| Characteristics | Model-I | Model-II | Model-III | Final model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1.18 (0.82, 1.74) | - | - | 1.39(0.88, 2.20) |
| female | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Age | ||||
| 25-29 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 30-44 | 4.62(2.52, 8.47)∗∗ | - | - | 3.91(2.12, 7.24)∗∗ |
| 45-54 | 8.21(4.12, 16.34)∗∗ | - | - | 6.67(3.29, 13.49)∗∗ |
| 55-64 | 12.22(6.27, 23.83)∗∗ | - | - | 10.64(5.35, 20.80)∗∗ |
|
| ||||
| Education | ||||
| Degree+ | 1.54(0.73, 3.29) | - | - | 1.52(0.70, 3.31) |
| Secondary | 1.31(0.74, 2.31) | - | - | 1.21(0.67, 2.17) |
| Primary | 0.79(0.47, 1.31) | - | - | 0.76(0.45, 1.29) |
| No education | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 |
| Never married | 1.07(0.65, 1.76) | - | - | 1.14(0.68, 1.90) |
| Divorced | 0.90(0.50, 1.62) | - | - | 0.92(0.50, 1.70) |
| Widowed | 0.49(0.23, 1.05) | - | - | 0.48(0.22, 1.05) |
|
| ||||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Oromo | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 |
| Amhara | 0.98(0.66, 1.45) | - | - | 0.97(0.64, 1.46) |
| Other† | 1.19(0.73, 1.97) | - | - | 1.14(0.67, 1.93) |
|
| ||||
| Occupation | ||||
| Office worker | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 |
| Unemployed | 1.65(1.03, 2.66)∗ | - | - | 1.68(1.03, 2.77)∗ |
| Merchant | 1.52(0.88, 2.61) | - | - | 1.48(0.85, 2.58) |
| Other†† | 1.09(0.59, 1.99) | - | - | 0.99(0.53, 1.86) |
|
| ||||
| Smoking tobacco | ||||
| Yes | - | 1.58(0.94, 2.67) | - | 1.89(1.04, 3.45)∗ |
| No | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Current alcohol use | ||||
| Yes | - | 1.37(0.93, 2.02) | - | 1.41(0.89, 2.23) |
| No | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Fruit consumption/wk | ||||
| 2 or fewer days | - | 1.04(.064, 1.71) | - | 1.16(0.66, 2.04) |
| 3-4 days | - | 0.95(0.57, 1.60) | - | 1.02(0.56, 1.85) |
| 5 or more days | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Vegetables consumption | ||||
| 2 or fewer days | - | 1.07(0.65, 1.77) | - | 1.03(0.59, 1.79) |
| 3-4 days | - | 1.02(0.63, 1.66) | - | 1.04(0.63, 1.74) |
| 5 or more days | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Physical activity | ||||
| Active | - | 1.00 | - | 1.00 |
| Inactive | - | 1.29(0.94, 1.78) | - | 1.11(0.78, 1.59) |
|
| ||||
| Abdominal obesity | ||||
| Yes | - | - | 1.68(1.20, 2.36)∗ | 1.72(1.13, 2.64)∗ |
| No | - | - | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
| 18.5-24.9 | - | - | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| <18.5 | - | - | 0.69(0.33, 1.47) | 0.67(0.30, 1.50) |
| ≥25 | - | - | 1.53(1.08, 2.17)∗ | 1.48(1.01, 2.15)∗ |
|
| ||||
| Diabetes | ||||
| Yes | - | - | 1.51(0.95, 2.40) | 1.22(0.73, 2.03) |
| No | - | - | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1.00: reference category; ∗: P<0.05, ∗∗: P<0.000; other†: including Somali (n=28), Harari (n=10), Gurage (n=55), Tigre (n=39), Wolayta (n=8), Silte (=15), and Afar(n=3); other††: including housewife (n=36), pensioner (n=30), janitor (n=13), and daily laborer (n=30).